Chirevo chekuoma kwegyogenic
Cryogenic kuomesa inzira inoshandisa kutonhora kwe-cryogenic - kutsetseka kunenge pasi -50 ° C (-238 ° F) kusimbisa nekuvandudza chigadzirwa chezviyo chesimbi.
Cryogenic kurapwa kweimwe simbi inozivikanwa kugovera zvitatu zvinobatsira:
- Kuramba kwakasimba: Cryogenicrapi inobatsira kukurudzira kushandiswa kwechengetedzwa kweaustenite iripo mumhepo inopisa inotora zvakanyanya kuoma martensite steel. Izvi zvinoguma nekusakwana kusakwana uye kushaya simba mukati mezviyo zvesimbi.
- Kuvandudza kupfeka kusagadzikana: Cryogenic kuoma kunowedzera kupera kwe eta-carbides. Izvo zvakanaka carbides zvinoshanda sezvisungo zvekusimbisa martensite matrix, zvichibatsira kudzivisa kupfeka uye kupisa kusagadzikana.
- Kushungurudzika kwepfungwa: Zvose zvesimbi zvine dambudziko rekushungurudzika rinoshandiswa painosimbiswa kubva muchikamu chayo chemvura kusvika pane chikamu chakasimba. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera nzvimbo dzisina simba dzinowanzokundikana. Cryogenicrapi inogona kuderedza utera uhwu kuburikidza nekugadzira huwandu hwehutano hwakawanda.
Nzira
Nzira yegyogenically iyo inobata chikamu chesimbi inosanganisira zvishoma nezvishoma kupisa simbi uchishandisa gaseous liquid nitrogen. Iko kunononoka kunotonhorera kubva kumativi kusvika kunzvimbo dzekushongedzeka kwegyogenic kunokosha pakudzivirira kupisa kunetseka.
Chikamu chesimbi chinenge chakachengetwa pane kutonhora kwemaodzanyemba -90 ° C (-310 ° F) kwemaawa makumi maviri nemaawa makumi maviri nemasere kusati kwatsva kunotora kutonhora kusvika kumativi +149 ° C (+ 300 ° F).
Iyi kupisa inotyisa kunokosha mukuderedza chero brittleness iyo inogona kukonzerwa nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwemartensite panguva yegyogenic yekurapa.
Cryogenic mishonga inoshandura yose yakagadzirwa nesimbi, kwete kungova pamusoro. Saka zvikomborero hazvisi kurasikirwa semugumisiro wekuvandudza, sekugaya.
Nemhaka yekuti izvi zvinoshanda kushandisa simbi inoshandiswa iyo yakachengetwa mune chimwe chikamu, haisi yakanakisisa mukurapa ferritic uye zvipfeko zvekudzivirira . Izvo, zvakadaro, zvinobudirira zvikuru mukusimudzira kupisa-kutariswa martensitic steels, dzakadai sepamusoro khabhoni uye yakakwirira chromium steels, pamwe chete nechigadzirwa chekushandisa.
Kunze kwesimbi , kuoma kwegyogenic kunoshandiswawo kubata mushonga wakakandwa, mhangura yealloys , aluminium , uye magnesium . Iyo nzira inogona kuvandudza hupenyu hwehupfeko hwemhando dzemhando dzesimbi nezvikamu zviviri kusvika matanhatu.
Cryogenic mishonga yakatanga kutengeswa mukatikati-kusvika-kuma1960.
Applications
Zvirongwa zvegyogenically zvinoshandiswa nhengo dzesimbi zvinosanganisira, asi hazvirevi kune, kutevera maindasitiri:
- Aerospace uye kudzivirirwa (semuenzaniso zvombo zvombo uye nhungamiro dzehurongwa)
- Zvimotokari (p.
- Kugadzira zvishandiso (semuenzaniso mapanga uye mabheji)
- Zviridzwa zvemitambo (semidziyo midziyo yeimbi, piano waya, uye cables)
- Zvirwere (semuenzaniso zvishandiso zvokuvhiya uye zviputi)
- Mitambo (semumvuri, zvombo zvokuredza, uye mabhasikoro)