Makambani anogadzira maununisi 8 mamiriyoni esimbi gore
Kuwedzera kwepasi rose kweplatinum kudarika maawa masere emamiriyoni pagore pakuwa kwe 2017. Sezvakaita platinum ores muNyika pasi, kunyange zvakadaro, kugadzira platinum yesimbi yakanyanya kunyanya kuiswa, uye ine zvinyorwa zvakakosha zvikuru zvinokwana 67 kubva muzana yepasi rose platinum. Chirongwa chikuru chepasi platinum, Anglo Platinum, chakaita chikamu chinenge makumi mana kubva muzana chezvose zvakakosha zvakagadziriswa platinum uye zvinenge 30 muzana yehuwandu hwepasi rose. Verenga pamusoro kuti udzidze kuti ndiani ari pasi peplatinum, vatongi, maererano neMetalary, webhusaiti yebhizinesi iyo inotengesa kushandiswa kwematare nemitengo pasi rose.
01 Anglo American Platinum
Zvinhu zveAnglo American Platinum Limited (Amplats) zvinosanganisira migodhi 11 yakagadzirirwa kuSouth Africa uye muZimbabwe iyo pamwe chete inogadzira maawa anoda kusvika mamiriyoni maviri eplatinum gore negore, inokosha kudarika madhora 2,2 biliyoni pakurasika kwe 2017. Mazhinji emvura kubva mumigodhi iyi inoshandiswa pane imwe yeAmplats '14 inogadziriswa pachedu isati yatumidzwa pane imwe yezvinhu zvitatu zvekunatswa kwekambani muSouth Africa.
02 Impala Platinum
Impala Platinum (Implats), iyo maitiro ayo akatarisana neBushveld Complex muSouth Africa uye Great Dyke muZimbabwe, inogadzira anenge anenge miriyoni 1,6 platinum gore negore, zvichiita kuti rive guru rekugadzira guru repasi. Imwe nyanzvi yekushanda inoshandiswa nekambani iri kumucheto wekumadokero we Complex pedyo neRustenburg. Implats inewo yega yega 73 muzana mu Marula kumucheto wekumabvazuva. MuZimbabwe, kambani inoshanda Zimplats uye inofarira Mimosa Platinum.
03 Lonmin
Lonmin, iyo yakatanga kushandiswa seLondon neRhodesian Mining and Land Company Ltd. (Lonrho) muna 1909, inobereka mafura 687 272 weplatinum gore negore, ichiisa nha. 3 pane urongwa. Iko kushanda kukuru kwekambani, iyo mine yeMarikana, iri kurutivi rwekumadokero kwedoro reBushveld. Orosi yakabudiswa neLonmin inotumirwa kunharaunda yeLonmin iyo inoshandiswa pane zvigadzirwa zvesimbi, kusanganisira mhangura uye nickel , zvinotorwa vasati vatsveneswa kusimbi pamwe chete nedzimwe platinum boka masimbi, palladium , rhodium , ruthenium, uye iridium .
04 Norilsk Nickel
Norilsk Nickel (Norilsk) ndiyo inonyanya kubudisa nickel (inofanirwa ne17 muzana yepasi rose yakagadzirwa) uye palladium (41 muzana), uye mutori wepamusoro 10 wemhangura. Inoberekawo maawa 683 000 epa platinum gore negore. Nhengo dzekambani dzakakosha uye platinum boka resimbi semidziyo-kubva kumigodhi yayo kuTaimyr neKola Peninsulas (zvose muRussia) uye kubva kumigodhi muBotswana nekuSouth Africa. Norilsk, kambani yakakura yekumigodha yeRussia, uye inowedzera uye inogadzira cobalt , sirivha, ndarama, tellurium , uye selenium sezvi-zvinowanikwa.
05 Aquarius
Aquarius Platinum Ltd inofarira mune zvinomwe dzimba muSouth Africa neZimbabwe, mbiri dzayo dziri kubudisa maawa 418 461 eplatinum pagore. IKroondal uye Mimosa migodi ndeye, maererano, iri muBushveld Complex muSouth Africa uye Great Dyke muZimbabwe. Ore inotumirwa kune maviri metallurgical concentrator mbeu dziri panzvimbo iyo, iyo inobatanidza mwedzi wega wega mamita 570 000.
06 Northam Platinum Limited
Northam, mubatanidzwa wePGM akabatanidzwa nemabasa ari mukati meBushveld Complex muSouth Africa, inobereka mairi 175 000 epa platinum pagore. Imwe nzvimbo inonyanya kushandiswa nekambani iyi ndeyeZondereinde platinum mami uye metallurgical complex. Kunatswa kwePGM kunowanikwa pasi pesangano neWC Heraeus muGermany uye inopihwa kwevhiki nevhiki kune Heraeus 'Hanau nzvimbo apo platinum, palladium, rhodium, ndarama, sirivha, ruthenium uye iridium dzose dzakaparadzana.
07 Sibanye Stillwater
Sibanye Stillwater inogadzira mapeji anoda kusvika 155 000 eplatinum gore negore. Nzvimbo huru yemakambani iri iri pamwe chete nemakiromita anenge 28-marefu-JM Reef ore muMontana, iyo inowanzobatwa ne palladium, platinum uye chidimbu chiduku che rhodium. Sibanye Stillwater inoshanda minda mbiri pasi pevhu, East Boulder uye Stillwater. Inogadziriswa kubva munzvimbo dzemigodhi, pamwe chete nechochoko chinogadzirisa zvinhu zvekudzokorora, zvinoshandiswa pa smelter yekambani muColumbus, Montana.
08 Vale SA
Vale SA inyika yechipiri-yepamusoro kambani yekumigodhi, iyo inotungamirira mutori wensimbi iron uye pellets uye wechipiri mukuru wepasi wenyika nickel. Inoberekawo maawa 134 000 eplatinum gore negore. Sezvo nickel ores dzakawanda dzinewo PGMs, Vale inogona kubvisa platinum sechinhu-chigadzirwa chekisi-yekuchenesa nzira. Kambani inotora PGM-ine concentrates kubva kuSudbury, Canada, inoshandiswa kunzvimbo yekugadzirisa nzvimbo muPort Colborne, Ontario, iyo inobereka PGMs, ndarama, uye sirivha pakati pemiti.
09 Glencore
Glencore inogadzira ounces anopfuura 80 000 platinum pagore. Eland Yake uye Mototolo mines-iyo yekupedzisira kubatana pamwe neAnglo Platinum-iri kurutivi rwechipiri chekumabvazuva kweBushveld Complex muTransvaal Basin muSouth Africa. Ikambani inowedzerawo PGM kubva kune nickel sulfide ores muSudbury Basin, kuCanada. Vakawanda vanogona kuziva firati yemigodhi yemigodhinari seCidstrata, asi Glencore akatenga Xtrata muna 2013, achidisa zita reyosimisi nguva pfupi pashure pacho.
10 Asahi Holdings
Japan-based Asahi Holding inobereka anenge 75 000 ounces yeplatinum pagore sechikamu chesimbi yakakosha yeboka. Kambani inounganidza, inovandudza uye inodzokorora zvigadzirwa zvinokosha uye zvisingawanzoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa mumagetsi, zvinokonzera, mazino, maziso, uye kupikisa. Sezvo boka richitaura pane webhusaiti yacho:
"Nokudzokororazve goridhe, sirivha, palladium, platinum, indium, uye mamwe semidziyo inokosha uye zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvisingawanzo zvinokosha zvekugadzirwa kwemazuva ano, tinoita kuti kushandiswa kwakashandiswa kwezvigadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwemabhizimisi."