Iko Mari Inoshandiswa Pakudzvinyirira kweCatalan
Pakazopera 2017, shanduko yeSpainonia yokuzvimirira yakasununguka yava imwe yenhau dzinotyisa dzinotarisana nevashambadzi venyika dzakawanda muna 2018 uye mberi.
Independence yeCatalonia
Imwe yenhamo yakakurumbira yeCatalan kuzvimiririra kufamba yakatanga kare muna 1922, apo Francesc Macià akatanga nhengo yeCatalan State yezvematongerwo enyika. Muna 1931, Macià akadudzira chiCatalan Republic mushure mokutaurirana nekudzivirira nehurumende yeSpain. Sangano reSpain Civil War rakagumisa kudzivirira kwehurumende muna 1938, asi nzvimbo yacho yakatangazve kuzvidzora muna 2006 mushure mokutaurirana kweState of Autonomy yakagamuchirwa nehurumende yeSpain uye yakapfuudzwa nehurukuro muCatalonia.
Muna 2010, Constitutional Court yeSpain yakatonga kuti mamwe ezvinyorwa zviri muchibvumirano zvakanga zvisingaenderani nedzimwe sangano uye vamwe vainyanya kududzirwa. Kurambidza kupikisana nedare rekutsvaga kwakakurumidza kuwira uye kukumbira kuzvimiririra kwakasununguka kokutanga kubva kuma1920.
Zvinodarika mazana mashanu ematarenda akachengeterwa referendums pakati pe 2009 ne2011 uye hurumende yeCatalan yakaratidza kubvunzurudza kwayo munaNovember ya2014-yose yekuvhota 'hongu'.
Mutungamiri Carles Puigdemont akazivisa kubvumirana kwakasungirirwa pamusoro pekuzvimiririra kwaionekwa sisiri pamutemo nehurumende yeSpain neChete reDare reMitemo.
Asi, vhoti yakabatanidzwa musi waOctober 1, 2017 ne 90 muzana yevhoti mukuda kuzvimiririra uye 43 kubva muzana. Paramende yeCatalonia yakabvumirana nekugadzirisa kugadzira republic yakasimudzira musi waOctober 27, 2017, asi hurumende yeSpain yakapindira kuimisa.
Svondo Gurukota reSpain Mariano Rajoy akakumbira simba rekukurumidzira kwenguva yekutanga munhoroondo yeSpein, akadzinga hurumende yeCatalan, uye akaisa mutemo wakananga pamusoro penzvimbo yekare yaiva nesimba. Akabva ashevedza sarudzo itsva yeParamende yepasiro achitarisira kuti vatori vechiCatalan vaizovaranga vatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika. Pasinei nekubatwa kwemazuva evhiki, sangano rezvematongerwo enyika rezvematongi rakakunda zvakare mushure mekupedzisira-December 2017 sarudzo nevanoda kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe nezana makumi mashanu kubva muzana kubva muvhoti. Zvisinei, zvigumisiro zvakare zvakaratidza zvimwe zvakawanda zvakapatsanurwa Catalonia, pamwe nepro-union-right-center party Citizens kuti vave guru guru rakasarudzwa.
Iko Mari Inoshandiswa yekuzvidzivirira
Kuparadzaniswa kweCatalonia kubva kuSpain kunogona kupfuurira nzvimbo yacho kwenguva yakareba yekusatenda mune zvakawanda zvakafanana neyo 'Brexit', maererano neIng economists. Bhenji inofanotaura kuti paizove nokuwa mumashandisirwo pakati pemhuri dzeCatalan, izvo zvatoitika kune imwe nzira inotevera kusava nechokwadi.
Kana mamiriro acho akaipisisa, vatengi vechiCatalan vanogona kutanga kutya uye kunogona kuve nekumhanya pamahombekombe uye masimba ekudzora , izvo zvinogona kukurudzira mhirizhonga yehurumende. Izvi zvinokonzera chikonzero chekuti chivhota chaDecember 2017 chakanga chakaparadzaniswa zvakanyanya kupfuura kuonekwa kwaNovember 2014.
Mabhizimisi mazhinji eCatalan akatotora matanho ekuzvidzivirira kubva pamatambudziko. Makambani anopfuura 2 700 akatotamisa kambani yavo yekambani kubva kuCatalonia, kubva munaNovember 2017, uye kushambadzira kwebhizimisi kwaoma. Sekupera kwegore ra2017, dhepfumi dambudziko rakaratidza kusakwira kwebasa, kuwira kutengesa, uye kuderera kwekutarisa kunharaunda yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweSpain huchitevera rusununguko rutsva. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichangova kutanga, zvisinei, nevatungamiriri vehurumende yeSpain vakaratidza kuti kusashaya basa kunogona kupetwa kaviri munzvimbo iyo kana iri kubudirira mukuparadzaniswa kwayo.
Spain inogonawo kutambura seCatalonia nhoroondo ye19% muzana yenyika yezvemari, kana kuti inosvika 224 mabhiriyoni ema euro, pasinei nekugara kwemakore 16 chete evanhu. Nokuenzanisa, iyo inowedzera mupiro wezvipo kupfuura eCalifornia inoita kune yose yeUnited States. Kushayikwa kwemari yemitero kunharaunda yacho kunogona kuderedza chigadzirwa cheSpain chakakodzwa nemapato maviri. IMF yakatoderedza mararamiro ayo ekutengeserana kweSpain muna 2018, chikamu chinoenderana neCatalan kuzvimiririra kufamba, ne1% muzana panguva iyo vazhinji veEurope vakagadziridzwa matanho ehupfumi.
Pakupedzisira, makambani eCatalan anotengesa kuEuropean Union aigona kutarisana nezvinetso zvakakura kudai nzvimbo yacho yaifanira kuparadzaniswa neSpain, sezvo EU inobhadhara inenge 65 muzana yekutengeswa kwemashoko uye 70 muzana yekushambadzira kune dzimwe nyika mumakore matatu akapfuura.
Kubatana kweEU uye Kuvandudza Nyika
Kana Catalonia ichibva kuSpain, inofanirawo kubva kuEuropean Union , iyo inogona kutonga matambudziko mumatongerwo enyika. IU EU yakaratidza zvakajeka kuti haingagamuchiri kuzvimiririra kweCatalan panguva ino, kunyanya ichipa kukura kweE-EU kunzwa mune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda. Mushure mezvose, chinhu chekupedzisira icho EU chinoda kukurudzira dzimwe nyika kuti dziongorore kuparadzana kubva mune zvematongerwe enyika. Izvo 'Brexit' yakatoita kuti izvi zvinetseka uye kubuda kweCatalonia zvingaita zvakawanda zvakafanana uye kunoshanda kuparadzanisa hupfumi hwemuganhu.
Zvadaro, pane nyaya yekuvakazve chiCatalan Republic. ING yezvematongerwo enyika anotenda kuti mari yose yezvemari yekuvaka nyika itsva inogona kudarika iyo ye Brexit yeUnited Kingdom . Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzemabhizimisi makuru emunharaunda dzave dzatama kubva kuCatalonia, izvo zvingagona kuderedza zvikuru mari inogona kubhadhara mutero kune imwe yenzvimbo dzakapfuma yeSpain. Kukurukurirana kunogona kutora nguva yakareba kwazvo, kusika makore ekusava nechokwadi.
Nzira Yokuita Nhepfenyuro Yenyu Yenyu
Mutauro weCatalan wekusununguka wakave wakakosha zvikuru mune zveSpanish zvepamusoro uye unogona kutora mari yakawanda pamusoro pehupfumi hweEurozone kana kusava nechokwadi kuchikura. Mukati, varimi vanogona kutarisira kuona kusava nechokwadi kuchizviratidza pachavo mukuderedza kushandiswa kwevatengi uye kushandiswa kwemabhizimisi, izvo zvinogona kutora nguva yakareba yezvigaro zveSpain uye makambani eEurope angangopararira anoita bhizimisi kuSpain.
Vashandi vemunyika yose vanogona kuzvidzivirira kubva kune izvi zvinowanzoisa njodzi kuburikidza nekuvimbisa kuti ganda ravo rakanyatsosiyana. Mukuwedzera, vatengesi vangave vachida kufungidzira kuderedza kusvikidzirwa kwezvikwata zveSpain kusvikira kusanzwisisika kugadziriswa. Vashandi vezvekutsvaga vangave vachida kufunga nezvekuvharidzira kusarudzwa kwavo nekutengeswa kwemaSpanish kushandiswa-kutengesa mari (ETFs) kana kushandisa sarudzo dzekuisa kuti dzirambe dzichibata dzakawanda dzeEurope dzeEurope pasina shanduko dzeSpain zvinokonzera.