Iko guru guru revashandi vemu aluminium 2014
Global primary aluminium production yakasvika kusvika mamirioni 54 emamirioni muna 2014, iyo inomirira hupfumi muzana inopfuura muna 2013.
Nyika gumi dzine guru guru revarimi vese (zvakabuda) dzakapa matani anopfuura mamiriyoni 27 kana hafu yezvigadzirwa zvose.
Zvizhinji zveizvi zvakabva kuAsia, iyo ndiyo yakabva mamiriyoni 36.6 mamiriyoni kana anenge maviri kubva kune zvitatu zvehuwandu hwepasi rose.
Kutarisana nerimwe rimwe gore rekugadziriswa kwezvinhu, mumwe wevatongi vana vepasi vakuru-UC Rusal, Chalco, Rio Tinto neAlcoa-cut cut from 2013. Zvisinei, makambani akasara pane gumi gumi ose akawedzera kuwedzera pamusoro pegore rinotanga.
London Metal Exchange (LME) aluminium mutengo wekugadzirisa mari inokwana US $ 1,867 pamatani muna 2014, kuwedzera zvishoma kudarika 2013.
Nyaya iri pasi apa inobva pane-kubva pane zvinobva kune zvakakonzerwa zvakagadziriswa sezvinotaurwa mumigumo yegore rimwe nerimwe yegore ra2014. Zviyero zvekugadzira - zvinoratidzwa panhamba yezita rega rega - zviri muzviuru zvemataundi emamiriyoni (kilotonnes kana kt).
01 UC Rusal (Russia) - 3,601kt
UC Rusal yeRussia inoshongedza runyararo rwepasi rose guru guru realuminium vatori veimwe gore.
Pasinei neanomwe yezana inodonha mukugadzirwa kwemagumisiro zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekudzivirira simba, kambani yakabudisa tani mamiriyoni 3.6 kana anenge 6.7 muzana yenyika yose, muna 2014.
Iko kambani ikozvino inoshanda 14 aluminium smelters munyika nhatu. Vanegumi nevaviri vari muRussia, uye mumwe nomumwe kuSweden neNigeria. Rusal's core assets iri muSiberia, iyo inofanirwa nezvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe nezviviri zvezana zvekugadzirwa kwemakisi eumuminium muna 2014.
Website: www.rusal.ru/en
02 Aluminum Corp. yeChina (China) - 3,380kt
IAluminium Corporation yeChina (Chalco) yakasara yechina muAlumini muveki mukuru muna 2014. Kunyange zvazvo hupfumi hwakasvika kusvika mamiriyoni 3.4 emadhora, izvi zvinomiririra kudarika gumi kubva muzana kubva muna 2013.
Chalco inoshandisa vashandi vanopfuura 100 000 uye inewo mabasa ekuchenesa mhangura , carbon products, gallium , uye nyika dzisingashamisi.
Kambani yehurumende yakanyorwa paShanghai, Hong Kong, neNew York Stock Exchanges.
Its primary aluminium assets inosanganisira Shandong Aluminum Company, Pingguo Aluminum Company, Shanxi Aluminium Plant uye Lanzhou Aluminium Plant.
Website: www.chalco.com.cn
03 Rio Tinto (Australia) - 3,361kt
Imwe nyanzvi yemigodhi yeAustralia Rio Tinto yakabatanidzwa panzvimbo yayo senyika yechitatu yepamusoro-soro inonzi primary aluminium producer kubva muna 2013 pasinei nehotera ye5% inotengeswa.
Izvozvo zvakaderera zvakakonzerwa nekuderedza mari uye kuwedzera kwehupfumi, izvo zvakaguma muRio Tinto's aluminium boka rinotaura 124 kuwedzera kwekuwana muna 2014.
Iko inonzi primary aluminium smelters iri muCanada (8 smelters), Cameroon, France, Iceland, Norway, uye Middle East.
Zvigadzirwa-zvinowanikwa zvinowanikwa 62 muzana yesimbi yekutanga yakagadzirwa muna 2014.
Website: www.riotinto.com
04 China Hongqiao Group Ltd. (China) - 3,158kt
China Hongqiao, iyo inotanga kuonekwa pazvenyika yevatongi gumi vane guru guru revashandi muna 2010, yakaramba ichisimudza urongwa muna 2014.
Iko kambani yakatsvaga Alcoa mushure mekuwedzera kwezvinhu zvinopfuura 700 000 mamita tani (inenge inenge 30 muzana inowedzera) kubva muna 2013.
Kubudirira kwekubuda kwave kuchiendeswa nekugadziriswa kwezvakawanda uye kuwanikwa, izvo zvakapa China Hongqiao ne-largest aluminium michina yekugadzira muChina.
China guru guru rekugadzira mutevedzeri weakimini yakagadzirwa muna 1994 uye inowanikwa muZouping, Shandong. China Hongqiao Group Limited inoshandiswa neChina Hongqiao Holdings Limited.
Website: www.hongqiaochina.com
05 Alcoa (USA) - 3,125kt
Iyo Aluminium Company yeAmerica (Alcoa Inc.), muAmerica guru guru realuminium rimiti, rakaramba richideredza simba muna 2014 uye rinotarisa pakuvandudzwa uye kutengeswa kwezvinhu zvakakosha-zvigadzirwa.
Yese yealuminium yakasara yakaderera pamusoro pegumi kubva kubva muna 2013 kusvika ku 3.125 mamiriyoni matani achitevera kupera kwechinguva kwevatenzi vaviri muBrazil nekuvhara kusingaperi kwePortovesme smelter muItaly.
Zvisinei, kutengesa kwekukosha-kuwedzera aluminium kwakabvumira kambani yakaratidza mutengo wekodzero ye US $ 2405 pamatric ton ton in 2014, yechinomwe yezana inowedzera pamusoro pegore rinotanga.
Yakatangwa muPittsburgh, Pennsylvania muna 1888, Alcoa ikozvino inoshanda munyika 31 pasi rose.
Chinhu chinonzi aluminium assets chinosanganisira Fjardaál smelter (Iceland), Alcoa World Alumina uye Makemikari (Australia), Baie-Comeau neBancanc smelters (Canada), pamwe neSan Cibrao smelter (Spain) uye vanonhuwa muNewburgh (Indiana), Ferndale (Washington), uye Rockdale (Texas).
Website: www.alcoa.com/
06 China Power Investment Corp. (China) - 2,669kt
China Power Investment Corporation's (CPI) aluminium assets yakawedzerwa mushure mokunge yawa muna 2013.
Zvose zvinowanikwa pasi pealuminium zvinosvika mamiriyoni 2,7, zvichifananidzira kuwedzera kwe10% kubva mugore rakapfuura.
CPI, China yechipiri guru-guru-aluminium producer - uye chechitatu-chikuru kune imwe nyika - isangano rekutsvaga rekutsvaga rinotora zvinhu mune simba guru, malahle, aluminium, railway, uye ports.
Iyo ikambani yakatangwa muna 2002. Yayo yakakura aluminium assets inosanganisira Ningxia Qingtongxia Energy uye Aluminium uye CPI Aluminium International Trading Co. Ltd.
Website: http://eng.cpicorp.com.cn/
07 EGA Dubal uye Emal - 2,341kt
Emirates Global Aluminium (EGA) yakaumbwa muna 2013 nekubatanidzwa kweA Dubai Aluminium ("DUBAL") uye Emirates Aluminium ("EMAL").
Nekubatanidzwa kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemamiriyoni gumi nemamiriyoni ega pagore, kambani yacho inofanirwa neMudaladala Development Company yeAud Dhabi uye Investment Corporation yeDhailand.
EGA's aluminium assets inosanganisira Jebel Ali smelter uye magetsi, pamwe neEl Taweelah smelter - guru guru renyika-single-primary primary aluminium producer.
Website: www.ega.ae
08 Shandong Xinfa Aluminum & Electricity Group Ltd. (China) - 2,306kt
Shandong Xinfa Aluminium Group Co. Ltd. inonzi China yechipiri huru yega-aluminium producer.
Kutevera makumi maviri kubva muzana kubva muzvakabuda muna 2013, kambani zvakare yakasimbiswa muna 2014 - ino nguva inenge gumi yezana - kusvika kune mamiriyoni 2,3 matani.
Yakagadzwa muna 1972 uye yakabatana muShandong Province yekumaodzanyemba kweChina, kambani ine ine mapazi anopfuura makumi mashanu ekugadzira simba, alumina uye aluminium refining, carbon production uye pasistream aluminium chigadzirwa chigadzirwa.
Shandong Xinfa's major aluminum products include Chiping Huaxin Aluminium Co., Ltd. Shandong Xinfa Hope Aluminum Co. Ltd. (East Hope Group) uye Guangxi Xinfa Aluminum Co., Ltd.
Website: www.xinfagroup.com.cn
09 Norsk Hydro ASA (Norway) - 1,958kt
Ichitaura imwechete yezana inowedzera kubudiswa kwegore ra2013, Norsk Hydro's aluminium production yakasvika mamiriyoni 1,96 mamiriyoni muna 2014.
Kambani yeNorway ndiyo yakazara yakagadzirwa neAluminium, pamwe nekushanda kunosanganisira mabhazi e-bauxite, alumina kuchenesa, chigadzirwa chekutanga chesimbi, uyewo kukosha-kuwedzerwa kunokonzerwa.
Norsk inoshandisa vanhu 13 000 munyika 50 uye ndiyo yechipiri-guru guru rekugadzira simba reku Norway.
Nhengo huru yekambani yealuminium inosanganisira Sunndal (Norway), Ardal (Norway), Alouette (Canada), 51% muAlbras (Brazil) uye 50% muQatalum (Qatar).
Website: www.hydro.com
10 East Hope Group (China) - 1,395kt
East Hope Group ndechimwe cheku China inowedzera nokukurumidza vashandi vemu aluminium.
Izvo zvakakonzerwa nekambani zvakakura kubva pa1,24 mamirioni muna 2013 kusvika kune mamirioni 1.4 emadhora muna 2014.
Yakagadzwa muna 2003 uye yakagara muSanmenxia, Province reHenan, East Hope Aluminum Co. Ltd. inoshandiswa neEast Hope Group Company Ltd.
Iko huru ye aluminium yekambani inowanikwa muHenan, Inner Mongolia, uye Xinjiang. East Hope Aluminium yakasimbiswa munguva yegore iyo ichiri kutarisira kuuya nechikamu chimwe chema 800,000 ton-per-year aluminium smelter muIndaneti muna 2015.
Website webhusaiti: www.easthope.cn
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