Marudzi eEconomies of Scale
Kune miviri miviri mikuru yehupfumi hwemukati: mukati nekunze. Maitiro edzimukati ndeye, sezvinoreva zita, mukati mekambani pachayo uye rinotungamirirwa nehutungamiri.
Pfuma yekunze inotsigirwa nekunze zvinhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira mhizha, nzvimbo, kana hurumende.
Pasi Pfuma Dzakakura
Inyika yeupfumi inokonzerwa nehukuru hwekambani, zvisinei kuti chii chiri kushandiswa mumakambani kana kutengesa kunotengesa. Somuenzaniso, makambani makuru ane mano ekutenga zvakawanda. Izvi zvinoderedza mari iyo imwe yezvinhu zvavanoda kuti vaite zvigadzirwa zvavo. Vanokwanisa kushandisa mari yekuwedzera mari . Kana kuti, vanogona kupa mari kune vatengi nekukwikwidza pamutengo. Kune mishanu mhando mikuru yehupfumi hwemukati hwehuwandu .
- Zvekugadzira hupfumi hwehupfumi hunokonzerwa nekubudirira kwekugadzirwa kwega pachako. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti mari yekugadzira inogona kuwira 70-90 muzana nguva dzose apo bhizinesi rinowedzera kubuda kwayo. Makambani makuru anogona kushandisa michina yakawanda yakawanda. Chimwe muenzaniso ndeyekunaka deta yedhiyo software iyo inobvumira kuti firimu iongorore vatengi vayo kunyatsobudirira. Makambani makuru ekutakura anogona kuderedza mari kuburikidza achishandisa tangi-tangi, dzakadai sezvikepe zvePanamax zvinotakura makumi matanhatu nematreni. Pakupedzisira, makambani makuru anobudirira mune zvoupfumi hwehutano nokuti vanodzidza nekuita. Ivo vari mberi kwekukwikwidzana kwavo kuduku pamakadziro ekudzidza.
- Simba simba apo apo kambani inotenga zvakawanda zvechigadzirwa iyo inogona kutaurirana mutengo wakaderera pane vadziviriri vayo vaduku. Semuenzaniso, Wal-Mart inogona kuva nematengo maduku nokuti simba rayo guru rekutenga rinoita kuti riwedzere hupfumi hwemari.
- Kutarisira kwehupfumi hwehuwandu hunomuka apo makambani anogona kukora nyanzvi yekugadzirisa nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekambani. Muenzaniso ndeyekuchengetedzwa kwakawanda kwekutengesa.
- Mari yezvemari yekuyera inoreva kuti kambani ine mari shoma yekuwana mari . Kambani yakakura inogona kubhadharwa mari kubva pamusika wekutengeswa neyekutanga kupa vanhu . Makambani makuru anowanzova nezvikwereti zvakakura zvekwereti, zvichireva kuti vanowedzera kuderera kwemari pamabatanidzwa avo.
- Nhepfenyuro yemari yakawanda inowanzoitika mumabhizimisi eInternet . Zvinotora chero chinhu chisingaiti chinhu chinotsigira mumwe mutengi wepamusoro kune zvinodiwa zvehupfumi. Saka, chero mari inobva kune vashandi vatsva iyo yose inobatsira mubhizinesi. Muenzaniso mukuru iBay.
Kunze Kwekuwanda Kwezvinhu
Imwe kambani ine yekunze kwekuwanda kwehupfumi kana iyo inogamuchira kurapwa kwakasiyana kubva kune hurumende kana zvimwe zvekunze kunze kwekuda kwehukuru hwayo. Somuenzaniso, hurumende dzakawanda dzichaderedza mitero kuti dzikwekwe makambani makuru sezvo dzichapa mabasa kune vagari vayo. Imwe nzvimbo huru yekuvakwa kwemaimba inogona kugara ichiita kuti guta rive nemigwagwa uye zvimwe zvivako. Izvi zvinoponesa musununguri kubhadhara mari iyo. Makambani makuru anogonawo kutora ruzivo rwekutsvakurudza pamwe chete nemayunivesiti. Izvi zvinodzikisa ivo pachavo kutsvakurudza mari.
Makambani mashomanana haasati ane ruzivo rwekushandisa zvakashata zvekunze kwemari. Asi, vanogona kubatanidza pamwe chete uye kushandisa zvido zvehupfumi hwenyika kuburikidza nekubatanidza mabhizimisi akafanana munzvimbo duku.
Semuenzaniso, mapurisa emagetsi, mabhii uye mitsuwa mune downtown art district vanobatsirwa nekuve pedyo nemumwe.
Diseconomy of Scale
Dzimwe nguva kambani inogona kukura yakakura zvikuru ichidzingisa hupfumi hwehuwandu huwandu hunova hunovhiringidza. Izvi zvinonzi diseconomy of scale. Semuenzaniso, zvinogona kutora nguva yakawanda kuti zviite zvisarudzo, zvichiita kuti kambani isanyanya kuchinja. Kusiyanisa misiki kunogona kuitika, kunyanya kana kambani ikava pasi rose. Kuwana makambani matsva kunogona kukonzera kupesana kwetsika dzekambani. Izvi zvichange zvishoma nezvishoma kufambira mberi kana zvisingadzidzise kutarisira kusiyana kwetsika .
Kuti Kuwanda kweChechi Kunoshandisa Sei Iwe
Funga nezvehupfumi hwehuwandu hwakafanana nekukwanisa kutenga zvakawanda kana uine mhuri yakakura. Bhokisi rimwe nerimwe revhavha rinodhura zvishomanana nekushambidza nokuti unogona kuzvitenga nehuwandu. Mugadziri anochengetedza pakugadzira uye kuparadzirwa, saka inodarika mari yaunowana pane iwe.
Bhokki inotadzisawo iwe nokuti unoita zvishomanana kuenda kuchitoro.
Pfuma yeChechi neEconomies of Scope
Kuwanda kwehuwandu hunoitika apo kambani inopinda muzvikwata zvakawanda zvemigetsi. Apo makambani anowedzera rutivi rwavo, anobatsirwa nekubatanidza mabasa ekuwedzera emabhizimisi, mitsara yemigetsi kana michina yekuita. Semuenzaniso, mapepanhau akawanda akasiyana-siyana mumiganhu yakafanana yezvigadzirwa, zvakadai semagazini uye nhau dzepaIndaneti, kuti aparadzise mari yavo kubva pakuderera kwekutengesa pepanhau. Vakatora humwe hupfumi hwekutsvaga kuburikidza nekushandisa zvakashambadzira zvekutengeserana maikiti avo, avo vaigona kutengesa kushambadzira mune zvese zvitatu zvemigetsi.
Zviri nyore kuvhiringidza hupfumi hwehuwandu nehupfumi hwehuwandu hwenyika, nokuti zvose zviri zviviri zvakawanikwa mumakambani makuru. Ingoyeuka kuti hupfumi hwemazana hunoshandiswa kune rimwe chigadzirwa chemiti, apo hupfumi hwehuwandu hunoita kubatanidza kubudirira kwezvizhinji zvemiganhu yezvigadzirwa.