Kunzwisisa Ukama Pakati Pemari yeAsset uye Nhamba dzeInharaunda
Zvose izvi zvingaita sezvakanaka kana iwe uine mukana wakakwana wekugara pane zvakakosha kubata zvisati zvaitika mukuderera kwezvikwereti, zvichiita kuti iwe uwane ruzha kusvika kumusoro, uchiona kukosha kwako kunokura nekukwira gore rimwe nerimwe rinopfuura pasinei nechokuti mukana wekukwereta unokosha kuwedzera uri kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwekuwedzera mune mari , asi izvo zvinonyanya kukosha . Hazvisi zvakanyanya kune vashandi venguva refu uye / kana avo vasina zvinhu zvakawanda vanoisa kunze avo vanoda kutanga kuponesa, izvo zvinowanzobatanidza vechidiki vaduku kunze kwekusekondari kana kojiji, kupinda mubasa kwekutanga.
Izvozvo zvingaita sezvisinganzwisisiki kana iwe usingazivi nezvekubhadhara mari kana yebhizimusi kuverenga asi inogadzirisa zvakawanda kana iwe ukamira uye uchifunga nezvazvo. Paunotenga mari, iwe zvauri kutenga chaizvo ndeyekushambadzira kwemari yeramangwana; purogiramu kana kuwanikwa kwekutengesa, kuchinjwa kwenguva, njodzi, kutengesa kwezvinhu, nemitero , iwe unotenda uri kuenda kupa hutengo hwakakwana hwekudzoka , inoratidzirwa sechikwata chekuwedzera kwegore rekuwedzera , kukupa chikwereti chekusashandisa simba rako rekushandisa panguva ino; kuripedza pazvinhu zvinopa zvinhu zvakadai semotokari, dzimba, mazororo, zvipo, wadhirobhero itsva, kugadzira miti, kudya kwekudya pamaresitorendi akanaka, kana chero chimwe chinhu chinounza pfungwa yekufara kana mufaro kune hupenyu hwako, kuwedzera izvo zvinonyanya kukosha: Mhuri, shamwari, rusununguko pane nguva yako, uye hutano hwakanaka.
Kana maintengo ematengo ari akakwirira nekuda kwekuderera kwemari, inoreva kuti mari imwe neimwe yaunopedza kutenga kutenga kutengesa kutenga zvishoma madhora emari yezvikamu , chikwereti, zvikwereti , kana zvimwe zvekuwana (zvose zvakananga kana kutarisa, mune zvekambani dzinoramba dzichiwana mari kukura panzvimbo pokubhadhara ivo kune vashandi ).
Zvechokwadi, mutengo wekutsvaga kwekugara kwenguva yakareba unogona kuita magwendeti pane tarisiro yemusika wekutengesa uchipa zvikwereti zvinokonzerwa nezvikwereti zvinopfuura 2x kana 3x muitiro we normalized Treasury bond kana yemusika yemugove unogona kupa 5x kana 10x mugarisi weHarare. Nokuda kwezvavakarasikirwa nekutakura mutengo pairi peji , zvichiita kuti vaone sevarombo pamapepa, vanogona kuwana mune mari yakawedzerwa pamwedzi, vachivabvumira kuwana mamwe; imwe nyaya yezvehupfumi zvechokwadi inorova kuverenga maitiro.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kunyange iwe uchiziva zvose izvi, unganetseka kuti nei maintengo efa inowira apo inharaunda inowedzera. Chii chinokonzera kuparara? Uyu mubvunzo unonakidza. Kunyange zvazvo zvakanyanya kuomeswa dai taifambisa mukati memagetsi, pamwoyo wenyaya yacho, inowanzosvika kune zvinhu zviviri.
1. Matengo eAAset Anowira Kana Kuda Kwemari Kunowedzera Nokuti Mukana Wekodzero ye "Dambudziko risina Mikana" Inowedzera Kuwedzerwa
Pasinei nokuti vanozviziva kana kwete, vanhu vakawanda vane zvakakwana kunzwisisa kuti vanogona kuwana chii pane zvingaita kuti vashandise muzvikwereti, zvisungo , kana zvivako kune zvavanokwanisa kuwana kubva pakishambadzira mari mune zvinhu zvakachengeteka. Kune vashandi vashomanana, izvi zvinowanzowanikwa mutengo wekuda kubhadharwa neDFIC yakachengeterwa mari yekuchengetedza, kuongorora kero, mari yemakisi yemari , kana mari yemusika mutual fund .
Kune vashandi vakura, mabhizinesi, uye masangano, ichi ndicho chinonzi "risina ngozi" yehutengo pamabhiridha eUnited States yeHurumende, zvisungo, uye manotsi, izvo zvinotsigirwa nesimba rose rekutakura rehurumende yeUnited States.
Kana iyo "yakachengeteka" inowedzera, iwe, uye vamwe vakawanda vatyairi, vari kuda kukumbira zvakakwirira kune chikamu nemari yenyu; kutora matambudziko okuita mabhizimusi kana zvivako zvemba. Izvi zvinongoitika chete. Sei uchizvicherechedza iwe kurasikirwa kana kukanganisa apo iwe unogona kugara, unotora kufarira, uye unoziva kuti pakupedzisira uchazadza (zita racho) mukuru unokoshesa pane imwe nguva munguva yemberi? Izvo hazvina mhete yegore negore kuverenga, kwete 10-K 's kuti idzidze, kwete zvinyorwa zveproxy kuti zvishandise.
Muenzaniso wakanaka unogona kubatsira.
Fungidzira iyo makore gumi emari yehupfumi yakapiwa 2.4% musati yatora mutengo. Iwe uri kutarisa mutengo unotengesa $ 100.00 pagoga uye wakanatsiridzira mari yega yega ye $ 4.00.
Kubva iyo $ 4.00, $ 2.00 inobhadharwa semugovera wemari. Izvi zvinoguma muhomwe yezvibereko zvinokwana 4.00% uye mugove wegoveri we 2.00%.
Zvino, fungidzira Federal Reserve inowedzera chido chekuda . Iko makore gumi nemakumi mashanu ekuchengetwa kwepfuma inogumira kubereka 5.0% isati yateresi. Zvose zvimwe zvakaenzana (uye hazvisati zvamboitika, asi nekuda kwekujekesa zvedzidzo, tichafungidzira saizvozvo panguva iyoyo), vatengesi vangada kuti premium imwe ive yavo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mari isati yakwira, vatengesi vaida kutenga zvikamu mukutengesa 1,6% mune zvekudzoka zvakare (musiyano pakati pe 4.00% mubereko wekukohwa uye 2.40% mubereko wePfuma). Apo Imari inobhadhara ikasimuka kusvika pa500%, kana ukama humwe huripo, vangada mari yekuwana zvibereko zvinokwana 6.60%, iyo inoshandurwa mugove wekugoverwa we 3.30%. Zvisingabatsiri zvimwe zvinoshandiswa, zvakadai sekushandurwa mumutengo wegadziriro yepamusoro (kunyanya pane iyo muchinguva), nzira chete iyo shamba inogona kuunza iyo yehuwandu hwebatsiro uye chikamu chikamu chinobva kune $ 100.00 pamari kusvika kune $ 60.60 pamudziro, kuderera inenge 40.00%.
Izvi hazvina matambudziko zvachose kune wekurima mari, akapiwa, zvechokwadi, kuti kutengesa kwezvakakwana kunoramba kuri kuipa. Kana pane chimwe chinhu, chiri kukura kukuru nokuti mari yavo yekare inodhura , kugoverwa zvikwereti , uye itsva, itsva inotengeswa kubva pamarikiti kana mamwe mitsva yemari zvino inotenga mari yakawanda, zvimwe zvikwereti, zvizhinji zvinowanikwa, mari yakawanda kupfuura yakamboita. Inobatsirawo sezvo makambani anokwanisa kubhadhara zvakakwirira kubva kune zvidzidzo zvekugoverana .
2. Matengo eAsset Anowira Kana Kuda Kwemari Kunowedzera Nokuti Mari Yekuchinja Kwemabhizimisi uye Imba Dzimba, Kuchera Muzvibereko
Chikonzero chechipiri chikonzero chekutengeswa kwemari inowira apo kuwedzera kwezvibereko kunowedzera kunogona kukanganisa huwandu hwemari yakabhadharwa yakataurwa pamusoro pekutora mari . Apo bhizimusi rinokwereta mari, rinoshandisa kuburikidza nemari yebhangi yebhangi kana nokubudisa mabhizimisi ehurumende . Kana zvikwereti zvinokonzerwa nekambani inogona kupinda mumusika inonyanya kukwirira kudarika chikwereti chechikwereti icho chiri kubhadhara chikwereti chayo chaivepo, ichafanira kupa mari yakawanda kudhura kwemadhora ose emitoro inowanikwa apo inouya nguva yekugadzirisa. Izvi zvichaita kuti mari yakawanda inobhadhara mari iwedzere. Kambani yacho ichave isina mari shoma kubva kune vashandi muzvisungo zvitsva zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvekare, zvikwereti zvinokura, kana zvisungo zvitsva zvinodiwa kuti zviwane mari yekuwana kana kuwedzera, zvino zvinoda mari yakawanda yemari. Izvi zvinokonzera "kuwanikwa" mumutengo-kusvika-kuwanikwa kwehuwandu kunopera, zvichireva kuwanda kwekuwedzera kunowedzera kunze kwekuti chikwata chinoderedza nemari yakakodzera. Isa imwe nzira, kuitira kuti chikwata chigare nemutengo mumwechete nenzira chaiyo, mutengo wematengo unofanira kuderera.
Izvi, pamwe chete, zvinokonzera izvo zvinonzi chido chekugoverwa kwehuwandu kuwedzera, zvakare, kuita kuti kambani ione riskier. Kana iyo yakawedzerwa njodzi inowanikwa zvakakwana, inogona kuita kuti vashandi vatsva vatsvake huwandu hwehuwandu hwengozi, vachideredza mutengo wematengo kunyanya.
Mazinesi makuru eAasset anoda zvakawanda pfuma, simiti, uye midziyo ndeimwe yevanonyanya kutarisana nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hunotyisa. Mamwe makambani - funga nezveMicrosoft kumashure kwema1990 apo yainge isina chikwereti uye ichidiwa zvishomanana nenzira yezvinhu zvinooneka kuti zviitwe, inogona kubhadhara chero chinhu nezvose kubva pakubhadhara kwayo kwekambani pasina kubvunza mabhandi kana Wall Street nemari - enda nechikepe ichi nechinetso ichi, zvachose chisati chaitika.
Mhando dzinoverengeka dzemabhizimisi zvechokwadi dzinobudirira apo uye kana zvikwereti zvinowedzera. Mumwe mufananidzo: Inishuwarenzi conglomerate Berkshire Hathaway, yakagadzirwa pamusoro pemakore 50+ apfuura ikozvino-mabhiriyoniire Warren Buffett . Pakati pemari uye mari-sezvisungo, kambani iri kugara pa $ 60 biliyoni muzvinhu zvisingabatsiri chinhu. Kana huwandu hwezvikwereti hwaizowedzera huwandu huwandu huwandu hwemari, hurumende yaizoerekana yava kuwana mabhiriyoni emabhiriyoni emadhora mune mamwe mari gore negore kubva kune avo vanochengeterwa mvura yekutengesa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, inogona kuva inofadza zvikuru seyezvikonzero kubva kune chinhu chekutanga - vatengi vanoda kuti mitengo shoma shoma iwane mhindu yekuti mari yeHaimari mabhidha, zvisungo, uye manotsi zviri kupa hupfumi hudzo - hurumende iyo neyechiitiko semari iyo pachayo kukura. Kana bhizimisi iri kugara zvakakwana spare change, zvinokwanisika mutengo wematengo unogona kuwedzera pakupedzisira; chimwe chezvinhu zvinoita kuti kudyidzana kwakadaro kunakidze.
Izvo zvinoenda kunzvimbo chaiyo. Fungidzira iwe une $ 500 000 muhuwandu hwehutano iwe waunoda kuisa muprojekti yezveimba; zvichida kuvaka chivako chehofisi, kuvaka zvivako zvekuchengetedza, kana kukura imwe yezvigadzirwa zvekushanda kuitira kuti dzigadzire kushandura makambani. Chero chero basa rauri kuita, iwe unoziva kuti unofanira kuisa 30% kuenzana mukati mawo kuti uchengetedze huwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu, uye humwe huwandu hwe70% hunouya kubva kumabhengi emabhengi kana mamwe mamiriro ekubhadhara. Kana zvikwereti zvezvikwereti zvichiwedzera, mari yako yemari inowedzera. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara mari shomanana yekutenga nzvimbo / kukura kana iwe unofanirwa kugutsikana nemari yakaderera yakaderera mari; mari yaizodai yakapinda muhomwe yako asi ikozvino inotaurirwa kune vanokweretesa. Mugumisiro? Kunze kwekunge kune zvimwe zvipfeko zvekutamba izvo zvinowedzera izvi, kufungidzirwa kwemahombekombe kunofanira kuderera maererano nekwakanga kuri. (Vashandi vakasimba mumisika yemuzinda vanogara vachitenga zvinhu zvavanogona kuchengetedza kwemazana emakore, mari yekushandisa mari nguva refu zvichibvira kuitira kuti vakwanise kugadzirisa kukanganisa kwemari. kubhadharwa kwavo mune ramangwana zvishoma uye zviduku mune zvoupfumi.)