Nyika huru pane platinum yakavandudza
Zvose zvakagadzirwa zvakagadziriswa zveplatinum - kusanganisira zvinhu zvakashandiswazve - zvakafungidzirwa kuva mamiriyoni 7.225 mamiriyoni muna 2014.
Izvi zvinomiririra zvikamu zvinodarika makumi masere kubva kudarika kubva muna 2013, izvo zvaive mugumisiro wemwedzi mitanhatu-yakareba yakagadzirwa nevashandi veSouth Africa matatu matatu makuru emakambani ekumba minda.
Chikwata chevashandi 70 000 chakaguma nekufungidzirwa kurashikirwa kwemamirioni ane mamiriyoni e platinum uye yakarasikirwa nemari ye US $ 2.3 bhiriyoni.
Vane vatori vemazana gumi zvikuru veplatinum vakawana maoundi anokwana mamiriyoni 5,4 muna 2014, kana kupfuura makumi manomwe kubva muzana yehuwandu hwepasi rose.
Anglo American Platinum (Amplats), zvakare, yakanyora urongwa hwevatengi vepasi rose, kuchenesa ounces 1,89 mamiriyoni esimbi.
Pasinei nebasa rakareba rokugadzika muSouth Africa, kukwirira kweplatinum boka resimbi (PGMs) yakawanikwa munyika iyo yakasimbisa kuti yakaramba iine nzvimbo yakakura yeplatinum, inofanirwa makumi matanhatu kubva muzana yezvose zvandaitengesa.
Nhamba dzekugadzira pasi dziri pasi dzinobudiswa kubva kumakambani egore negore nemapurisa aripo anowanika kubva kune webhusaiti yehupfumi (gore ra2014). Nhamba yakagadziriswa yekupinyika platinum yekambani imwe neimwe inogona kuwanikwa kunze kwezita rekambani uye inoratidzwa mu troy ounces (oz).
01 Anglo American Platinum - 1,890,000 oz
Anglo American Platinum (Amplats) ndiyo PGM yokugadzira chikwata chemigodhi guru reAnglo American.
Amplats 'masere ePGM anoshandiswa nemigodhi yakagadziriswa, minda inobatanidza mines uye migodhi inosanganiswa inopararira kuSouth Africa neZimbabwe. Mines anobudisa ore kubva kumatombo eMerensky neG2, Platreef uye Main Sulphide Zone.
Pasinei nokugadzirwa kwezvikwata zvakaderera ne20 muzana kubva pagore risati rasvika, kambani yakaramba iine platinum yakakura yepasi pose, iyo inotora chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzvina zvezvose zvakagadziriswa platinum muna 2014.
Nhoroondo yeChishanu: Anglo American plc
Website Website: www.angloamerican.com/
02 Impala Platinum - 1,180,000 oz
Impala Platinum's (Implats) platinum yemigodhi inowanzoenderera mberi neBushveld Complex muSouth Africa uye Guru Dyke muZimbabwe.
Muna 2014, kambani yakabhadhara kupfuura 16 muzana yepasi rose yakanatswa platinum. Implat's five main operations are Impala, Zimplats, Marula, Mimosa, uye Rivers Two.
Kunyange zvazvo 85 kubva muzana yeImplats 'PGM yokugadzira inobva kune idzi, inowanikwa mumigodhi yangu, zvisizvo zvakasara zvinowanikwa kubva kune vechitatu sechikamu chekurapa kwekubhadhara uye yekugadzirisa zvibvumirano.
Company Profile: Impala Platinum Holdings Ltd.
Website Website: www.implats.co.za
03 Norilsk Nickel - 657,000 oz
Asingabatsiri nemukana wekuSouth Africa, kubudiswa kweplatinum yeNormalk Nickel yakagadziriswa yakaramba yakasimba kubva muna 2013. Kuwedzera kwechidiki mune zvakakonzerwa uye kuderera kwekugadzira kuLonmin kwakasunungura Norilsk kubva kunechina kusvika kune chechitatu panhamba yevashandi veplatinum.
Norilsk Nickel, iyo inoshandiswa zvikuru munyika yose ye nickel uye palladium , zvinyorwa zvinokosha uye platinum boka resimbi semidziyo-kubva kumigodhi iri kuchamhembe kweRussia neBotswana.
Iyo kambani yakaona inenge yeplatinum mutengo we US $ 1,388 paawa imwe chete muna 2014.
Nhoroondo yekambani: Norilsk Nickel
Website Website: www.nornik.ru/en
04 Lonmin plc - 436,000 oz
Maererano nekambani iyi, Lonmin plc yakarashika mapeji anopfuura 391 000 eplatinum nekuda kweSouth African mineworkers strike muna 2014.
Kugadzirwa kwakaderera 40 muzana kubvira muna 2013 kusvika ku 436,000 ounces, uye kambani yakakanda nzvimbo imwe kubva kune yechitatu kusvika kunechina yekupisa guru.
Mabasa eLonmin akavhara 215,000 makiromita makiromita akapoteredza Marikana. Eight concentrators, a smelter, uye tsvina yezvigadzirwa zvesimbi inoshumira pasi pevhu uye yakazaruka mami.
Website website: www.lonmin.com
05 Stillwater Mining - 285,000 oz
Stillwater Mining Company ndiyo chete inonzi American-based miner yePGMs uye guru guru guru muiri kunze kweSouth Africa neRussia.
Dzimba dziri muBillings, Stillwater Mining inotora platinum, palladium, uye rhodium kubva kumigodhi miviri iri paJM Reef iri kumaodzanyemba-pakati peMontona.
Ore inobva mumigodhi yakaiswa se filtercake pa smelter yekambani muColumbus uye yakatumirwa kuna Johnson Matthey pakugadzirisa kwekupedzisira.
Iyo kambani inodzokororazve PGM kubva kune vashanduri vanoita zvekugadzirisa uye mamwe magetsi. Muna 2014, 57 kubva muzana yeCtillwater's platinum yakabudiswa kubva kunezve zvinhu zvakare.
Website Website: www.stillwatermining.com
06 Northam Platinum Ltd. - 241,000
Northam Platinum inoshandisa minda yeZondereinde neBooysendal PGM uye nzvimbo ye metallurgical uye smelter iri mu Bushveld Complex yeSouth Africa.
Kunyange zvazvo zvakakonzerwa nedzimwe shanho rekuita muna 2014, Northam Platinum yakanga isina kufananidzwa nemagetsi mashanu emwedzi yakakanganisa Amplats uye Implats. Ichokwadi, Northam Platinum yakaona kuwedzerwa kweplatinum kutengesa kubva kuma2 ounces 212 000 muna 2013 kusvika ku 241,000 maunces muna 2014.
PGM yekambani inotarisa inonatswa neHereaus muPort Elizabeth, South Africa uye Hanau, Germany, uye Northam Platinum inotarisira kutengesa kwe platinum, palladium, rhodium, ndarama , sirivha , ruthenium , uye iridium .
Website Website: http://www.northam.co.za/
Cherechedza: Nyaya yekugadzira yakabva pane zvekutengeserana zvakasarudzwa pamusana pesimbi.
07 Aquarius Platinum - 184,150 oz
Aquarius Platinum inoshanda minda yeKroondal neMimosa migodi kuSouth Africa Bushveld Complex.
Mvura yeKroondal iri 50:50 dzimba uye inopa chibvumirano chekuti Aquarius ane pachake neAmplats, asi Mimisa yangu ine 50:50 pamwe chete neImplats.
Aquarius inoshanyirawo Platinum Mile yekudzosera nzvimbo iyo PGMs inotorwa kubva kumisasa mikukutu yemafinhamini akasiyana-siyana eupinamu uye chrome munzvimbo dzakapoteredza Kroondal.
PGM inotarisa inotengeswa kuRustenburg Platinum Mines Ltd. uye Centametal AG (Switzerland) pamusoro pehutano hwemigodhi ye smelting nekuchenesa.
Website webhusaiti: http://aquariusplatinum.com
Cherechedza: Kuita nhamba yakabva pakugadzirwa kunokonzerwa naAcarius kubva kuKroondal neMimosa migodi (50 muzana imwe neimwe).
08 Vale SA - 182,000 oz
Iko yeBrazilian iron iyo yakawanda Vale zvinyorwa zvinokonzerwa platinum ne palladium, pamwe negoridhe, sirivha, uye cobalt , se-michero kubva kuSudbury, Canada nickel mine.
Kutevera huwandu hwemazana masere kubva muna 2013, kubudiswa kweplatinum kubva mumigodhi kwakawedzera mamwe mazana 25 muzana muna 2014, kubva ma 145 ounces kusvika kuma 182 000 ounces.
PGM uye simbi inokosha inotarisa inotanga kushandiswa pane imwe nzvimbo muPort Colborne, Ontario, vasati vatumirwa kunatsvaira kwaVale mu Acton, England, kwavanoshandiswa kuita zvinhu zvakachena-zvakakwana.
Profile Company: Vale SA
Website Website: http://www.vale.com/
09 Glencore plc - 91,000 oz
Glencore inotora platinum, palladium, uye rhodium se-michero inobva kune nickel sulfide ores muCanada Sudbury mubhedha, uye kubva kuEland neMototolo migodi, iyo iri pedyo neEastern Limb yeBushveld Complex.
IEland naMototolo migodi yakawanikwa nekuda kwekubatana kwekambani ne Xstrata muna 2013. Mototolo mami isangano rekubatana neAnglo Platinum.
91 ounces yeplatinum yakanatswa nekambani muna 2014, zvichikwira chikamu chimwe kubva muna 2013.
Website Website: www.glencorexstrata.com
10 Asahi Holdings - 44,800 oz
Asahi Holdings isimbi yeJapan inokosha yakashandura zvakare kambani inounganidza, inodzosera uye inogadzirisa PGMs nemidziyo inokosha.
Kubva pahuwandu hwehuwandu hweplatinum wekutengeserana huwandu hwegore ra2014, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kambani yakagadziridza maounces anoda kusvika 45 000 muna 2014. Izvi zvingaratidza kuwedzera kwe20 kubva muna 2013.
Website Website: www.asahiholdings.com
Cherechedza: Nhamba yekugadzira inobva pazana rese platinum yekutengeswa kwegore ra2014 yakapatsanurwa nemutengo wepamusi wemusika weplatinum yegore.
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