Mitsara yokubhadhara mitero inokurudzira kuda kuburikidza nekuisa mari yakawanda muhomwe dzevatengi. Izvi zvakakosha nokuti kushandiswa kwevatengi kunotungamirira 70 muzana yehupfumi hwehupfumi . Izvo zvino zvinoumba mabasa apo mabhizimisi anoparadzira michina kuti asangane nepamusoro. Chimwe chekudzidza neCongressal Budget Office chakawana kuti Bush bush cuttings yakagadzira 4.6 mabasa ye $ 1 mamiriyoni kana ikawedzerwa muna 2011-2012.
Zvisinei, kune dzimwe nharo pamusoro pekuti kutyorwa kwemitero kwemhuri yakapfuma yepamusoro inogadzira semabasa akawanda sekutengesa mutero kune mhuri dzakaderera-uye dzisinganzwisisiki. Dzidziso iyi ndeyokuti mhuri dzinopera mari dzinofanira kupedza kutengesa mitero, kudaira kwekutya, apo mhuri dzakapfuma dzichaita kuti dzichengetedze mutero wavo. Uyezve, mari yakawanda yekushandisa mari yemari inoshandiswa haisi kuderedzwa nekutengesa kwemitero nokuti mhuri inogona kuchengetedza kushandiswa kwayo kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kuchengetedza, kana kutenga chikwereti kana chikwereti. Kutengesa kwavo mutero kunowanzoshandiswa kubhadhara chikwereti.
Mari yepamitero yekodzero ndeimwe yenzira dzinoshandiswa mari yekuwedzera mabasa. Maererano neBBC, madhiyoni 1 emamiriyoni emitengo yebhadharo inobhadhara inoita 13 mabasa matsva. Mamiriyoni ekubhadhara mitero inokonzera mabasa mune dzimwe nzira. Kutanga, mamwe makambani anoshandisa mari yekuderedza mitengo. Izvo zvinowedzera zvinoda, izvo zvinoreva kushandira vashandi vakawanda.
Chechipiri, mamwe makambani anosimudza mibairo yekuchengetedza vashandi vakanaka, avo vaizotora zvakawanda, kuwedzera kudiwa.
Chechitatu, mamwe mafemu anochengetedza mari yekubhadhara mutero, achivabvumira kutenga zvakawanda uye kuwedzerwa kudiwa. Chechina, makambani akanga atova nemidziyo yakakurumbira aizoshandisa mari yekubhadhara vashandi vakawanda. Iyi yechina nzira ndiyo nzira inobhadhara mari yekugadzira mabasa.
Zvechokwadi, kana Congress inopa chete kubhadhara mitero yebhadharo yezvikwereti zvitsva, ipapo $ 1 Mamiriyoni emubhadharo wemitero yebhadharo inoumba 18 mabasa matsva (Source: " Economic Outlook neFiscal Policy Choices ," Congressional Budget Office, September 28, 2010)
Nenzira, nzira inonyanya kubhadhara mari yekuwedzera mabasa haisi mutero unodzwa zvachose. Ongororo yeBodO yakaona kuti kupararira kusapererwa kwebasa ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekusimudzira hupfumi hwehupfumi . Kubatsirwa kunogadzira mabasa nokuti kusashanda kwemhepo kunoshandisa mari yose yavanowana pazvinhu zvinokosha zvakadai sokudya, zvokupfeka uye dzimba. Mari yose ye $ 1 mamiriyoni mubasa risina basa rinoumba 19 mabasa matsva. Chidzidzo che Economy.com chakawana kuti dollar yose yakashandiswa pamusana pokushaya mabasa inokonzera $ 1.73 mune zvehupfumi zvinoda . Kunyange zvazvo huwandu huripo huripo hunobhadhara vateresi $ 10 mabhiriyoni mwedzi woga woga, vanoita $ 17.3 mabhiriyoni mukukura kwezvoupfumi, kuumba mabasa uye mamwe mari emitero.
Ko Kuteresa Kunokwidza Kuwedzera Kukura Kwekuwanda?
Kudyidzana-side economics inyanzvi inotaura kuti kutengesa mutero kunowedzera kukura kwehupfumi. Kutora mutero kunopa kukurudzira, asi munguva pfupi uye mune zvehupfumi izvo zvatove zvisina simba. Mitsara yakabhadhara yakagadziriswa nokukurumidza. (Kubva: " Kuongorora kwakasimba kwekuwedzerwa kwekusingaperi kweMutungamiri weMutero weMutero ," US Treasury Department, July 25, 2006.)
Iko kusvitsa kunofanira kunge kwakagadziriswa nekuderedza kushandiswa kuti usanyanya kuwedzera chikwereti chehurumende . Kubva kusina kubvumidzwa, chikwereti chezvematongerwo enyika chaizoguma chinopedza pfuma. Zvinonzwisiswa sekuwedzera kwemutero kumarudzi anotevera, uyo pakupedzisira anofanira kuripa.
Izvo zvinonyanya kuitika kana kuyerwa kwemari chikwereti chakakosha mumunda kunosvika 77 muzana. Ndicho chikonzero chekugadzirisa, maererano nekuongorora kweWorld Bank. Yakawana kuti kana chikwereti-ku-GDP chikafu chinodarika 77 muzana kwenguva yakareba, inopedzisira ichingowedzera hupfumi. Zvose zvikamu zvechikwereti pane izvi zvinodhura nyika 1.7 muzana mune hupfumi huri kukura.
Migumisiro yeChitrus Tax Cuts
Munguva yekuderera kwe2001, huwandu hwehurumende yezvemari kusvika kuGDP yakakwira kusvika ku20,9 muzana - yakakwirira kudarika chimiro. Izvozvo ndezvekuti hupfumi hunopisa. Kuti kukurudzira kukura, hurumende inokanda mitero muna 2001 neJGTRRA uye muna 2003 neEGTRRA . Mushure mokunge kutengesa mutero muna 2001, hupfumi hwehurumende hwakawira 18 muzana yeGDP. Kutengesa mutero kwa2003 kwakaderedza mari yezvemari kunyange kupfuura, kusvika ku16 muzana yeGDP muna 2004.
Zvisinei, izvi zvakagadzirwa nemitero pakutanga zvakabudirira. Upfumi hwakawana zvakare. Kunyange zvazvo chikamu chemari yehurumende kuGDP ichiderera, mari yose inowedzera nokuti GDP yakawedzera.
Kupa-vatsigiri vatsigiri vanoti kuwedzera kweGDP kwaive nekuda kwekutengesa kwemitero. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzezvemari dzakaratidza kuti nhamba yezvibereko yakaderedzwa panguva imwecheteyo. Sangano reSweden rakaderedza mari yose inokosha yeFed mari yepamutengo kubva pa6 kubva pa1 kusvika ku1 muzana pakati pe2001 - 2003. (Chinyorwa: "Historical Fed Fund Fund," Federal Reserve Bank yeNew York.)
Mutemo Wokuwedzera Kuita uye Kuyananisa Mutemo we 2005 wakawedzera mitero yakaderera yemitengo yezvenguva yakareba yekuwana mari uye zvikwereti kusvika muna 2010. Izvo hazvina kunyanya kuunza mari yehurumende, uye chikamu cheGDP chaidzoka kusvika 18 muzana muna 2006.
Ungabhadhara Mutero Unogona Kuwedzera Budget Yenyika Yenyika Imari?
The Laffer Curve inotaura kuti kubhadhara mitero kunoderedza hurumende yemari inosvika kune imwe yehurumende-kune-dollar, asi inodzokorora kurasikirwa kwenguva yakareba nekuwedzera kukura kwezvoupfumi, uye mutero wemitero. Zvisinei, National Bureau ye Economic Research yakawana kuti 17% chete yemari inobva pamitengo yekusungirwa kwemari yakadzorerwa zvakare uye 50 muzana yemari yakasara kubva kumatare ehurumende . Chimwe chikonzero chekusiyana uku kunogona kuva mutero wekutere musati mutero watemwa. Maererano neRaffer's model, mutero wekubhadhara unofanira kunge uri mu "Zvidziviriro Range" - pamusoro pe50 kubva muzana - nokuda kwekucheka kwekusimudzira hupfumi zvakakwana kudzikinura kurasikirwa kwose. (Inobva: "Dynamic Scoring: Dzoka reMuongorori weEvilpepe," NBER, December 2004.)
Nzira Yakanakisisa Yokugadzira Mabasa
Kana kukanganisa kwemutero kusina kunaka pakusarudza mabasa, zvakadini nehurumende mari ? Iyoyo haisi nzira yakanaka yekuumba mabasa kana. Zvinotora $ 1 Mamiriyoni pakushandisa kuvaka 19 mabasa. Izvo zvichiri kudarika madhora makumi mashanu emadhora emutero wako waidiwa kuti uite basa rimwe. IC CBO haina kuongorora mabasa api, kana mari inobva kumabasa.
Nzira yakanakisisa yekuumba mabasa haisi kuburikidza nekucheka kwemitero, kushandiswa kwehurumende, kana chero mutemo wehurumende zvachose. Pane kudaro, zviri kuburikidza nemitemo yemari . Izvo zvinowedzera mari iyo inopa , zvichiita kuti mari yakawanda ivepo kune mabhizinesi ekusimbisa. Mitemo yehurumende inongodiwa chete apo mutemo wemari uri kutowedzera sekuwedzera . Izvozvo zvakaitika muna 2009 uye 2010 mushure mekunge Great Recession yakamanikidzwa kudyidzana nemari yakawanda kusvika kune zero.