Kuisa mazano mazano ekuvandudza mararamiro ako ekutsvaga

Mifungiro neKutarisa Kukubatsira Iwe Kukura uye Kudzivirira Zvaunotenga

Ndakambonyora nyaya dzakawanda dzehupfumi dzinoreva kubatsira vashandi vatsva kuti vadzivise zvikanganiso zvakawanzana zvakakonzera kunyange vanhu vakakodzera-vaida; kupa mari mazano anobatsira kupa maonero ekugadzirisa mari yako nekuderedza marudzi akasiyana ematambudziko. Nyaya dzakadaro dzakabatanidzwa pano uye dzichazorodza zvimwe zvemashoko kuti zvikushumire zviri nani pane rwendo rwunoenda kuzvimariro .

Kuisa Chipo Nhaurirano # 1: Funga Nezvikwereti, Asi Usava Penny-Wise uye Pound Foolish

Muchikamu changu pamusoro pekukosha kwenguva yemari , iwe wakadzidza kuti kudukusa kwechidiki mumutengo waunowedzera mari yako kunogona kukanganisa huwandu hwehupfumi hwaunowana.

Funga kuti imwezve yechitatu yekudzoka gore negore inogona kuita kuti 3x mari yakawanda kupfuura makore makumi mashanu! Simba rekugadzirwa kwechikwata chaicho chinoshamisa.

Nzira yakachengeteka yekuedza uye kubata zvishoma zvishoma peresenti yekudzoka kwekudzoka, semuenzaniso webhizimusi chero ripi zvaro rakanaka, inodhusa kutarisira. Kana iwe wakanyoresa chirongwa chekugoverwa kweparadenti kana DRIP iyo inokwereta $ 2 yekutsinhaniswa kwega rega uye uri kubvisa $ 50 pamwedzi, mari yako inokurumidza kudya 4% yekutungamira kwako. Izvi zvinogona kuita zvinonzwisisika mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Semuenzaniso, mhuri yangu yakapiwa hanzvadzi yangu duku yezvikwata zveCoca-Cola kwemakore akawanda kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekambani inozivikanwa seUTMA uye yakashandira chinangwa chayo zvakanaka. Izvo ndezvechokwadi kuti, sezvo akapiwa tarisiro yehupenyu, iyo yekutanga ye4% inodhura, iyo yakanga isingabatsiri maererano nemadhora chaiwo muhukuru hwezvinhu, ichaguma isingadhuri pane mutengo wehurumende yebhadharo pamusoro pechiri-ine index index fund pamusoro pemakumi emakore ari kuuya nekuti yaiva nguva imwe chete, mari inoshandiswa mberi, isingazodzokororwa zvakare.

Dambudziko nderokuti vatengesi vakawanda havazivi kuti mari ndeipi iyo inonzwisisika uye kuti mari ipi inofanira kudziviswa. Kuwedzera kune dambudziko iri nderokuti kune rutivi rwakakura pakati pevapfumi nevakaderera nevanenge vari pakati vanokonzera chimwe chinhu chiri kushandiswa kwemari kune imwe nhanho kuva chinhu chinonakidza pane imwe.

Semuenzaniso, zvinowanzova zvine musoro kune mumwe munhu anowana $ 50,000 pagore asina puroforeti yakawanda kuti ape mukana wekutsinhanisa mari, kunze kwekuti pane humwe hutsika hunoita kuti huve nemigumisiro yakanaka kana kuti zviri nyore zvakakodzera, sezvazviri kuvanhu vakawanda , panzvimbo yekusarudza kwemazana mashoma akasarudzwa, akaderedzwa mari inoenderana nemari . Izvi ndezvechokwadi pasinei nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana ayo ave akaiswa zvinyararire mune zvinhu zvakadai seS & P 500 index index mumakumi emakore apfuura. (Izvozvi ndezvekunyengedzera, kazhinji kunoitwa nevashambadziri vasina ruzivo, kuti S & P 500 inotarisirwa zvisingatarisirwi.Iyo haisi.Iyo inotungamirirwa nekomiti, chete iyo komiti yakaronga mitemo munzira iyo inoda kuderedza kushandiswa kwemari.) Izvi Nzira imwecheteyo inowanzotarisa kune mumwe munhu akapfuma. Sezvo vanhu vakaita saJohn Bogle, muvambi weVanguard, vataura, vatengesi vakapfuma vane mari yakawanda yekutengesa avo vaida kutora nzira yekutsanangurira zvingave zviri nani kutenga mabhizimusi ega, kugadzirisa rondedzero ivo pachavo munyaya yekuchengetedza . Mumwe mutengesi ane hupfumi anowanzopedza mari yakawanda muhomwe yake, zvinhu zvose zvinofungidzirwa, achibhadhara pakati pe 0.25% uye 0.75% nokuda kwechikwata chakanaka chekusimudzira purofesa kupfuura iye kana aizotora chikwereti chinoratidza kuti ine mari shoma shoma chiyero che, chiti, 0.05%.

Vafumi havasi mbeveve. Vanoziva izvi. Ndivo vasiri vapfumi vanoramba vachitaura pamusoro pazvo vari kuratidza kusaziva kwavo zvinhu nenzira iyo nzira yemitero inogona kushandiswa.

Kunze kweizvi, pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinokumanikidza kuti vapfumi vasafarira kushanda nebhareji wekubhadhara mari yakanyoreswa izvo hazvina chokuita nekuedza kurova mushamba. Semuenzaniso, mutungamiri wekurasikirwa anogona kunge ane chikwata chakanyanyisa mumutengo weaimbova mushandirwo pamwe chete nekodzero yakawanda yekuteresa mutero . Imwe nyanzvi yemakurukota evanhu vanogona kuita zvinhu zvakadai sokubvisa mari kuburikidza nekuzvitengesa zvakasvikidzirwa zvinopesana nechinzvimbo, kutenga kunodzivirira kudzivisa kuparadza, uye kuedza kuchengetedza zvikamu zvakawanda zvezvidikanwi zvakakosha sezvinobvira kushandisa zvishoma chinangwa kuitira kuti iwe usapfuudza chikwata chako kune vana vako, uine mari isati yawanikwa inowanikwa mubhadharo pakarepo yakanganwirwa.

Mari yekubhadhara iwe waizobhadhara nokuda kwebasa rakadaro inogona kuva yakakwana, kunyange pakati pe1% uye 2% pasi pechiitiko chakadai. Ichokwadi kuti iyo yaizoita sokunge kuti nzvimbo yako yepamusoro yakashandurwa pamusika ingasave yakakosha. Mhuri yako yakaguma yakave yakapfuma kudarika iyo yaizodai yakagadziriswa pamusana pemitero-yakagadziriswa-inogadziriswa, izvo zvose zvinokosha. Ichi ndicho chinhu chakadzika uye chikamu chepakati hachizombofaniri kushungurudzika pamusoro pekutarisana nemahofisi avo.

Kuziva kuti zvipi zvinobhadhara zvinokodzera ivo pachavo pamusoro, uye izvo zvikwereti zviputi, ndeimwe yezvinhu izvo zvinoda ruzivo rwekuziva. Somuenzaniso, panguva ino, mari inobhadharwa pa $ 500,000 Trust fund inotungamirirwa neVanguard ndeye 1.57% yose-yakabatanidza nenguva yaunowedzera zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemari, mari yakaenzana, nezvimwewo. inogona kupinda mune imwe nhoroondo yakagadzwa asi, zvisinei, pane zvauri kuwana, inonakidza. Icho chinhu chebenzi kuti uedze nekuderedza iyo mari inowedzera. Kune rumwe rutivi, kubhadhara chikamu chepakati che 1.57% yehurumende yakabatanidzwa inobatanidzwa iyo inonyanya kubata mashizha akafanana neDow Jones Industrial Average isinganzwisisi .

Kushandisa Nhaurirano # 2: Chenjerera Mitero uye Kuwedzera

Kufananidza mutengesi anonyanya kuzivikanwa Warren Buffett , kana zvasvika pakuenzanisa zvikwereti zvako zvekutsvaga kwekufamba kwenguva, chinhu chikuru chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti mamwe mabhagurgers angatenga sei pakuguma kwezuva. Mune mamwe mazwi, funga nezvekutenga simba . Zvinoshamisa kuti mashomanana mashomanana ekugadzirisa mapuritori anotarisa pamusana pekubhadhara mutero panzvimbo pekutevera mitero inosvika kana kuti vasingateereri kutengesa kwekuwedzera . Vakawanda vanotengesa kakawanda uye kunyange zvazvo vangawana 9% kusvika ku12% kune varairidzi vavo kwenguva yakareba, kana vashandi ivavo vari muhotera yepamusoro yebhasikiti, varimi vachabva vaine pfuma shoma kudarika ivo vangadai vasina akabhadhara mutariri anochengeteka uyo akaita 10% asi akaronga hupfumi nemaziso kusvika munaEpril 15. Sei? Mukuwedzera kune mari yakawanda inokonzerwa inokonzerwa nekutsvaga kwemazuva akawanda (zvisinei nekutengeswa kwenguva pfupi), kune zvakawanda zvingabhadhara mutero. Heano mamwe acho:

Kushandisa Chipo # 3: Ziva Nguva Yokutengesa Iko

Iwe unotoziva kare kuti kusagadzirisa mari kunogona kutenga kutenga nekutengesa mashizha mukukurumidza-kutengesa fashoni zvakanyanyisa kuderedza kudzoka kwako (kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, verenga Frictional Expenses: Hidden Investment Tax ). Kunyange zvakadaro, pane dzimwe nguva apo iwe ungada kugovana neimwe yezvigaro zvako. Iwe unoziva sei kuti inguva yekureva zvakanaka kune chikwata chaunoda? Aya mazano anobatsira anogona kuita kuti foni ive nyore.

Chimwe chinyorwa chinokosha: Nhoroondo yakaratidza kuti kazhinji haisi pfungwa yakanaka kutengesa nekuda kwezvaunotarisira kune macroeconomic mamiriro ezvinhu, akadai sehuwandu hwekusashanda kwemabasa kana huwandu huripo hwehurumende, kana kuti unotarisira kuti misika yekutengesera inopera mudiki- term. Kuongorora mabhizinesi uye kuverenga kukosha kwezvinhu zvayo hakusi nyore. Iwe hauna mukana wekufanotaura zvakajeka nemhando ipi zvayo yekutenga uye kutengesa zvisarudzo zvemamiriyoni evamwe vatengesi vane mari dzakasiyana-siyana uye kuongorora mano. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pehurukuro iyi, verenga Chii Chikanzi Nguva? uye Kutengesa Nguva, Kuyera, uye Kugadziriswa Kwezvinhu.

Kuisa Chipo Pfungwa # 4 - Iwe Haudi Kuti Uve Nemafungiro PaZviga Zvose kana Kubhadhara

Chimwe chezvinhu izvo vashandi vanobudirira vanowanzova pamwe chete ndeyekuti havana maonero pane zvese zviri muChina. Makambani makuru ekubhadharisa mari, mapoka emakambani ekutungamirira, uye mabhengi ezvokutengeserana anoita seanonzwa sokuti zvakakosha kuisa chiyero kune zvose zvinodzivirirwa zvinotengeswa. Dzimwe hurukuro dzezvemari dzakakurumbira dzinoratidzika dzinofara mukuratidza maonero avo pamusoro pebhizinesi rose rinotengeswa.

Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvingava zvakanaka kana uchitarisa kusungirwa kwekambani uye uchiona kana vachitengesa zvakanyanya kuAAA kukosha kana kuti kusungirirwa kwechibvumirano chemavara, mumatambudziko mazhinji, izvi zvinopesana nemamatriki zvinenge zvisingaiti. Kuisa mari haisi iyo chaiyo sayenzi. Kudzokorora mbiri yemapurisa 'evapristi, haufaniri kuziva zvakakosha zvemunhu kuti azive kuti ane mafuta, uyewo haufaniri kuziva bhasiki yemutambo chaiyo kukwirira kuti azive kuti akareba kwazvo. Kana iwe uchitarisa pane kuita zvishoma mumamiriro mashomanana apo iwe une mukana wakajeka uye wotarisa mikana inouya kamwe chete kamwe munguva imwe chete, dzimwe nguva makore akasiyana, iwe unogona kuita zviri nani kupfuura veWall Street vatsvakurudzi vanogara usiku usiku vachiedza sarudza kana Union Pacific inokwana $ 50 kana $ 52. Pane kudaro, iwe unomirira kusvikira mutengo uri kutengesa pa $ 28 uye pounce. Paunowana bhizimisi rakanaka kwazvo , iwe unowanzoshandiswa zvakanakisisa kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekusateerera uye kubata kusvika pakufa. Iyi nzira yakave yakawanda yakawanda yemabhengi emabhishopi, kusanganisira janitors vachiwana zvishoma muhomwe uye vagere pasi pe $ 8,000,000.

Sei vashandi vanozviwana zvakaoma zvikuru kubvuma kuti havana mhinduro yakajeka pamusoro pebhizimisi chaiyo pamutengo wemari wazvino? Kakawanda, kuzvikudza uye, pane imwe nguva kusava nehanya kwepfungwa pane zvisingazivikanwi, ndicho chikonzero. Kuti uwane mamwe mazano pamusoro pokuti ungakunda sei masimba aya, verenga Rationality: We Investor's Secret Weapon .

Kushandisa Nhauriro # 5: Zivai Kwose Kambani (Kana Pakupedzisira, Izvo Zvose Zvazvo!)

Kunyange kana iwe usina maonero pamusoro pekukwevedza kwemashamba akawanda pane imwe nguva, iwe unofanirwa kuziva mabhizinesi akawanda sezvaunogona kudarika dzakawanda nemakambani sezvaunogona. Izvi zvinoreva kuziva zvinhu zvakadai sokudzoka pahutano uye kudzoka pane zvinhu . Zvinoreva kunzwisisa kuti sei mabhizimisi maviri akafanana akafanana nepamusoro penyika anogona kuva nemichina yakasiyana-siyana yehupfumi; izvo zvinoparadzanisa bhizimisi rakanaka kubva kubhizimisi guru.

Apo akabvunzwa mazano api aaizopa mudiki wekuita mari achiedza kupinda mubhizinesi nhasi, Warren Buffett akati aizogadzirisa kusvika pakuziva mabhizinesi akawanda sezvaaikwanisika nokuti bhengi rezivo raizoshanda sechinhu chakakura uye kukwikwidzana. Somuenzaniso, kana chimwe chinhu chikaitika iwe waifunga kuti chaizowedzera mari yemakambani emhangura, kana iwe uchiziva iyo mabhizimisi mberi kwenguva, kusanganisira nzvimbo yakatarisana yekambani dzakasiyana, iwe unogona kuita zvakanyanya nokukurumidza uye nezvimwe zvakawanda kunzwisisa zvakakwana mufananidzo wakazara, kupfuura kana iwe waifanira kuzivikanwa kwete chete nemabhizimisi asi vose vatambi vari mukati maro pamusoro pemakore akamanikidzwa. (Ziva kuti hapana mararamiro ematanho aya kana chinangwa chako chiri kutonga.Ipapo mukuru weTVT akapindura Bhuffett, "Asi kune 24,000 makambani anotengeswa nevose!" Warren akapindura, "Tanga neA's").

Ndinofunga kuti nzvimbo yakanakisisa yokutanga kune vashandi vakawanda ndeyekufamba nemakambani 1,800 mu Value Line Investment Survey .

Kushandisa Nhaurirano # #: Ongorora Kudzoka Pamusoro Pezvinyorwa, Kwete Kungodzokera Kune Equity

Kana usina kuverenga mabhuku angu ekuongorora bhadhati uye kuongorora chirevo chekuwana mari , izvi zvingave zvisinganzwisisiki kunze kwekuti iwe uchangotanga kuongorora. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvakakosha saka nyora nezvayo uye dzoka munguva yemberi apo iwe unyanzvi hukuru. Iwe uchandionga ini makumi emakore kubva ikozvino kana iwe wakachenjera zvakakwana kuti ushandise zvandinoda kukudzidzisa iwe.

Vashandi vakawanda vanongotarisa purogiramu yeDuPont inodzoka kuEquity iyo yakasimba inogadzira. Kunyange zvazvo ichi chiri chimiro chinokosha kwazvo, uye chimwe chezvinhu zvandaida chaizvo zvemari - zvechokwadi, kana iwe chete waifanira kutarisa pane imwe metric inogona kukupa mukana wepamusoro-kupfuura-mukana wekupfuma kubva mumari yako yezviwanikwa, Kuve nekuisa pamwe mapoka emakambani akasiyana-siyana achidzokorora zvakakwana kuhutano - pane kuedzwa kwakanaka kwehupenyu hwechokwadi hwekambani, kunyanya kana huchishandiswa pamwe chete nemuridzi wemari. Heino izvozvi: Gurai mari inoshandiswa nemari yakawanda yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekugadzira uye yepamusoro yeimba, simiti, nemichina yekuenzanisa sezvinoratidzwa pazhizha rezeri.

Sei chiitiko ichi chiri nani? Zvimwe zvehutano zvemari uye mametriki zvinogona kupfekedzwa nokuda kwekutanga kwechipo chepachena kana nehutungamiri hwekambani. Uyu muedzo wakanyanya kuoma kukunyengera.

Kushandisa Nhaurirano # 7: Tsvaga Muridzi Wechigaro-Shamwari Yokutungamira

Benjamin Franklin akati kana iwe uchida kunyengetedza murume, taura nechido chake pane chikonzero chake. Ndinotenda kuti vatengesi vanogona kuwana mhinduro yakawanda kubva kuvatungamiriri vane mari yavo yakasungirirwa mubhizinesi pamwe chete nevekunze vashoma varairi. Kunyange zvazvo isingagoni kutsigira kubudirira, inofamba nenzira yakareba yekugadzirisa zvinokurudzira uye kuisa mapato maviri kune rumwe rutivi rwetafura.

Ndakambove ndiri mufambi wehutungamiri hutungamiri pamakambani akadai seAmerica Bancorp inoda vatevedzeri kuchengetedza imwe yakawanda yemisha yavo yepasi inotengeswa munharaunda yakawanda (iyo yakanakisa chikamu? Zvisarudzo zvekutsvaga hazviverengi!) Saizvozvowo, kugadzirisa kwehutungamiri kuti 80% yemari ichadzorerwa kune vadzidzisi gore negore nenzira yemari inowanikwa uye kugoverana zvekudzikinura uye kukwanisa kwavo nguva dzose kuchengetedza imwe yehutano hwakanaka hwehutano mumhizha (chiyero chikuru chebhangi - inotariswa nekutarisa kune vasiri- Mari inoshandiswa semari yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemari) inoratidza kuti inonyatsoziva kuti inoshanda kune vashandi. Enzanisa izvozvi kune Changamire Bhengi Dhiyabhorosi iyo yaiva papeji yekutanga yeWall Street Journal makore akapfuura mushure mekunge iyo Bhodi reVatungamiri nehutungamiri vakaedza kushandisa ruzivo muNew York Stock Exchange rinoritendera kuti ribvumire kubatana nerimwe kambani pasina kupa vagovhani vemukana mukana wekuvhota pakusimbiswa.

Ngwarira zvinhu zvakadai. Zviito zvinokurudzira kupfuura mazwi. Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, verenga 7 Zviratidzo zveShareholder Friendly Management

Kushandisa Nhauriro # 8: Gadzirira Kubhizimisi Munharaunda Yako "Chikwata Chekukwanisa"

Mukutsvaga, semuhupenyu, kubudirira kwakangoita zvekudzivisa kukanganisa sekusvika pakuita zvisarudzo zvine njere. Kana iwe uri musayendisiti anoshanda paPfizer, iwe uchava nekakanikidzika zvakasimba mukukwikwidzana mukugadzirisa kukwezva kwakakwana kwemishonga yemishonga inofananidzwa nemumwe munhu anoshanda mumugodhi wemafuta. Saizvozvowo, munhu ari munharaunda yemafuta achaenda kunge ane ruzivo rwakakura pane iwe mukunzwisisa mafuta makuru kupfuura iwe.

Peter Lynch aiva mutsigiri mukuru we "mari mune izvo iwe unoziva" uzivi. Zvechokwadi, dzakawanda zvekutsvaga kwake zvakabudirira zvakaguma nekuda kwekutevera mudzimai wake nevana vechiri kuyaruka kumisika yekutengesa kana kutyaira mumuguta vachidya Dunkin 'Donuts. Pane nhau inofananidzira mune zvekare-kuchikoro kukoshesa kudyidzana kwemitambo pamusoro pemurume akazova nyanzvi yakadaro mumakambani emvura eMamerica kuti ainyatsoziva purogiramu iri mubhati rakazara nebhati yegeji kana kuti yevheji yekushambadzira, kuvaka chivako nekutengesa imwe nhumbi .

Rimwe caveat: Unofanira kuva wakatendeseka iwe pachako. Kungofanana nokuti iwe wakashanda kambani paChicken Mary sevechiri kuyaruka hazvirevi kuti iwe unongotanga kuve nekubatsirwa paunenge uchitsvaga kambani yehuchi seTyson Chicken. Chidzidzo chakanaka ndechokuti zvibvunze kana iwe uchiziva zvakakwana pamusoro pebhizimusi rakapiwa kuti utore bhizinesi mumunda iwoyo uye kubudirira. Kana mhinduro yacho ichiti hongu, iwe unogona kunge wakawana niche yako. Kana zvisina kudaro, ramba uchidzidza.

Kushandisa Nhauriro # 9: Kusiyanisa, Kunyanya Kana Usingazivi Zvauri Kuita!

Mumashoko evanhu vane mukurumbira wezvemari John Maynard Keynes, kuparadzanisa kune inshuwarisi nekusaziva. Akatenda kuti njodzi inogona kuderedzwa nekuita mashoma masimari uye kuvaziva zvakajeka. Zvechokwadi, murume uyu aiva mumwe wemafungiro ekunakisisa mune zvemari emuzana remakore rapfuura naizvozvo uzivi hahuna hutano hwakanaka kune vashandi vakawanda, kunyanya kana vasingakwanisi kuongorora zvinyorwa zvemari kana kuti vasingazivi mutsauko pakati peDow Jones Industrial Avhareji uye Dodo.

Mazuva ano, kupararira kwekusiyana-siyana kunogona kuva nechepakati pezvakabhadhara zvezvaive zvichikwanisika kunyange makumi mashomanana akapfuura. Nehurukuro yemari , mari pamwe chete , uye chikamu chekugoverwa kwemapurogiramu , kuvhiringidza mari yekutora zvikamu mumazana emakambani akasiyana zvakanyanya kubviswa kana, kana zvishoma, zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvinogona kukudzivirira kuti urege kurasikirwa zvachose nekuparadzira zvinhu zvako kunze kwekambani dzakakwana kuti kana mumwe kana kunyange vashoma vavo vachienda mudumbu-up, haungakuvadzi. Muzvokwadi, nekuda kwechiitiko ichi chinozivikanwa semathematics e-diversification, zvingangoita kuti pave nekukwirira kwekudzokorora kwekudzokorora kwepamusoro pengozi-yakagadziriswa .

Chinhu chimwe chete chaunoda kutarisa chiri kuwirirana. Kunyanya, iwe unoda kutsvaga njodzi dzisina kukwana kuitira kuti zvibvumirano zvako zvigare zvichigadzirisana kune dzimwe nguva kunze kwemari yezvoupfumi nebhizimisi. Apo ini ndakatanga kunyora mutungamiri kune iyi chikamu anenge makore gumi nemashanu apfuura, ndakanyevera kuti zvakanga zvisina kukwana kuva nematokari makumi matatu akasiyana kana hafu yavo yakagadzirwa neBhange reAmerica, JP Morgan Chase, Wells Fargo, US Bank, Fifth Third Bancorp , et cetera, nokuti iwe unogona kunge uine zvikamu zvizhinji mumakambani akasiyana asi iwe hauna kusiyanisa; kuti "kushungurudzwa kwakarongeka kwakadai se massive real estate loan failure kunogona kutumira shockwaves kuburikidza nebhangi rebhangi, nekukuvadza kukuvadza nzvimbo dzako dzose", izvo chaizvoizvo zvakaitika munguva yekuparara kwa200-2009. Zvechokwadi, makambani akasimba akadai seUnited Bancorp uye Wells Fargo & Company vakaita zvakanaka chaizvo pasinei nenguva iyo vakange varambidza 80% pamapepa ekumusoro-kusvika-mugwagwa, kunyanya kana mukadzorera zvikamu zvenyu uye maiva nemari inobhadhara mukati mavo; chiyeuchidzo chokuti kazhinji zviri nani kutarisa pane simba pakutanga uye zvakanyanya. Maitiro ezvematongerwo enyika, kune rumwe rutivi, zvakaratidza kuti vanhu vakawanda vane mafungiro asingakwanise kuisa pfungwa pane bhizimisi redzimhosva, pane kunetseka uye kuchenesa panguva yakakosha.

Kushandisa Nhauriro # 10: Ziva Nhepfenyuro YezveMari Nokuti Inogona Kukuchengetedza Zuva Rokurwadziwa

Izvo zvave zvataurwa kuti misika yemombe yakafanana nerudo. Paunenge uri mauri, haufungi kuti pane imwe nguva yakambove yakamboita. Billionaire Bill Gross, inofungidzirwa nevakawanda mumugwagwa kuti ive yekushambadzira mari yepamusoro munyika yose, yakataura kuti kana iye aigona kunge ane bhuku rimwe chete rinofanira kudzidzisa vashandi vatsva, iro richava bhuku rezvemari, kwete kuverenga kana kutungamira dzidziso.

Funga zvakare kuSouth Sea Bubble, Roaring 20, Makombiyuta muma1960, uye Indaneti muma1990. Kune bhuku rinoshamisa rinonzi Manias, Panics, uye Kuparara: A History of Financial Crises iyo ndinokurudzira zvikuru. Vakanga vane vashandi vazhinji vakaiverenga, hazvina mubvunzo kuti vazhinji vaizove varasikirwa nezvikamu zvakawanda zvematare avo zvakakosha mumatsetse-com kana kushandiswa kwedzimba.

Sezvo Santayana akati, "Avo vasingazivi nhoroondo vanorangarirwa kudzokorora". Handikwanisa kutaura zviri nani ini pachedu.

Kushandisa Nhauriro # 11: Kunze kwekuti Unoda mari yePassive, Reinvest Your Dividends

Zvichida kana iwe usadzorera zvikomborero zvako chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvakakura paukuru hwehuwandu hwepodfolio yako. Zvakanyanya zvokuti ndakanzwa zvakakosha kuwedzera izvi muzvidzidzo zvayo-iwe oga waunofanira kuverenga, uchishandisa The Coca-Cola Company semufananidzo .

Kushandisa Nhaurirano # 12: Bhizimisi Guru Haisi Ikutsvaga Kwakawanda Pakutengo Kakawanda kana Mamwe Mashoma

Tinopedza nguva yakawanda tichitaura nezvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzebhizimisi yakanaka -kudzoka kwepamusoro kune kuenzana , zvishoma kana kuti kwete chikwereti, kukosha kwekutengesa , chikamu chekugovera ushamwari , nezvimwewo Kunyange zvazvo chinyorwa chaCharlie Munger, "zviri nani kutenga bhizimisi yakanaka pamutengo wakakwana panzvimbo yebhizimisi rakanaka mutengo mukuru "ndeyechokwadi, zvakakosha kuti iwe uone kuti zvibereko zvakanaka hazvikwanisi kuva neavo vanotenga zvikwereti zvakadaro zvisinei mutengo. Icho chakasiyana kwazvo, asi chimwe chinogona kureva musiyano pakati pemigumisiro yakanaka uye kurasikirwa kwakaipisisa. Zvichida, kwete munguva pfupi.

Kudzoka kunopera kwema1960, Wall Street yakasangana neboka rematokari ainzi Nifty Fifty . Zvichida encyclopedia inowanika paIndaneti inonzi Wikipedia inofungidzira iyo zvakanakisisa, "[Aya mashizha] aive nezvose zvaiitika kwavari - mazita emarita, maitiro, hutungamiri hwepamusoro, kutengesa kunoshamisa, uye zvikwereti zvakasimba.Vaifungidzirwa kuti ndiyo yakakosha kutenga mabhuku uye kuvabata nguva refu, uye izvi ndizvo zvose zvaidiwa kuita.

Aya ndiwo mahombodo ehomwe 'akaitwa e ... nokuda kwenguva refu achida kubvisa pamba. "

Heino urongwa hwematokisi iwayo. Iwe zvichida unoziva vazhinji vavo.

Iko kukanganisa kwakaipa munyaya iyi ndeyekuti vatengesi vaifunga kuti makambani aya - mabhizinesi akaita seEastman Kodak neXerox - akanga akanaka kwazvo kuti aigona (uye anofanira) kutengwa chero mutengo . Ichokwadi, izvi hazvisi izvozvi. Kunyange zvazvo kutengeserana kwekutengeserana pachikwata chepamusoro p / e haisi nguva yakawanda, kakawanda kupfuura kwete, kushambadzira kwekutengeswa pamutengo-kusvika-kuwanikwa kwema 60x inenge ichangoita kuti iite chiyero chekudzoka kudarika che zvinonzi "risina ngozi" US bond bond bond. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pehurukuro iyi, verenga Mitsva Inobereka Maererano neHaimari Bond Inobereka seStock Market Valuation Technique uye Nzira Yokutaurira Kana Iko Stock Ichiwedzerwa .

Chii chinoita kuti kukurukurirana uku kuve kwakaoma, uye kure nekupfuura kwehuwandu hwerongwa urwu hwemashoko ekutsvaga mari, nde:

  1. Vashandi vakawanda vasina ruzivo vanokundikana kuziva kuti, kunyange zvazvo makambani akadai eEastman Kodak akanganisa, vashandi venguva yakareba vachiri kuda kunge vakafamba nehupfumi hwakawandisa kupfuura hwavaiva nazvo vasati vauya. Izvi zvingava zvakaoma kunzwisisa kana iwe usingazivi kuti zvikamu zvipi, zvikwereti, kupatsanurwa, uye kunyange kutora kurasikirwa kwekodzero kunoshanda asi iyo, zvisinei, iyo nyaya.
  2. Kwemakore makumi maviri nemakumi matatu mushure mekunge maNifty Fifty akwira, dengu rezvikwata, sezvose, rakashandura mumusika. Zvisinei, panguva yawakatanga kupinda mumakore makumi matatu nemakumi mana emakore, mabhizimisi ari pasi, ezvo, ezvo, akanaka zvokuti pakupedzisira akazoguma achirova pamusika sezvo motokari huru dzezvemari dzaive dzakanyanya kupfuura dzakapisa kuwedzerwa kwekuwedzera. Kwete izvozvo chete, asi vaNifty Fifty vangadai vakave nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwekuteresa kupfuura boka rehurukuro. Paunenge uchishanda nebhizimisi rakanakisa, chikepe chiya chinosvika, chakaitika kare, chakakunda munguva refu kwenguva yakareba asi vangani varairima vanoda kumira nemakore makumi matatu kana makumi mana emakore ekupedzisira kusateerera kwehupenyu hupenyu hwose, iyo, kuvanhu vazhinji, ichange ichingogara 80 chete makore kana zvakadaro? Zvakare, inyaya yehutungamiri hwehupfumi.

Zvose zvimwe zvakaenzana, asi, edza uye kudzivisa kuisa mari inotengeswa kusvika pakukwana pasina chigadziro chekuchengeteka nokuti kungoita blip mukushanda kunogona kukonzera nguva yakareba, kukanganisa kwakaipisisa mutungamiriri sevanotsvakurudza zvakashata vanotiza kune zvakachengetedzwa zvakashata. Kunyange zvakadaro, kana iwe uchienda kuzokufungisisa, tora chete kune bluest ye- blue chips . Iwe unogona kunge uchibva wanyanyisa kubhadhara kambani yakafanana naJohnson & Johnson kana iwe uchizoitora kwemakore makumi mashanu anotevera - hapana anoziva ramangwana asi matambudziko anoita seanofarira - asi ini handidi kuda kuita iyo yakasimba sezvakaita Facebook.

Kushandisa Nhauriro # 13: Enda Iko Inotengeswa Indekisi Indesheni kana Chinhu Chinokurudzira Kusasikirwa

Index mari ndeye godsend yevatengesi vashomanana vasina mari yakawanda kana mubhaketi dzakaderera. Pasinei nehutano hwehutano huri mavari uye nzira dzekuchinja dzakakosha vatengi mari yakawanda, vanobvumira vanhu nemhuri vane zvishoma kusvika kune imwe nheyo kuti zviwanikwe zvakasiyana-siyana pazvinenge zvisingabhadhari. Kana iwe wakabatwa mune imwe kambani-yakabhadharwa 401 (k), kuenda ne-low-cost index index inenge iri nguva dzose ichava yakasarudzwa kwazvo. Inogonawo kubatsira kune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Semuenzaniso, kana ukaverenga bhuku rangu rega, ungaziva kuti ndinoshandisa mari shomanana yemhuri yevabereki vangu, iyo yakavanzwa mukati meGover Advised Fund kuitira kuti ndirege kudzivirirwa 990 izvo zvingadikanwa dai taisimudza chimiro chega-chega.

Izvo ndezvikonzero zvikonzero zvandakaisa rumbidzo yakawanda pamusoro pekunyorera mari pamusoro pemakore. Zvisinei, mari yekuenzanisa haisi yakakwana. Kure kure nazvo. Somuenzaniso, pasinei nekupikisa kwevanhu mune bhizinesi rekutengeserana kwemafati avo vakawana vapfumi kubva ipapo, kuratidza mari ndeyorudzi rwechirwere chechirwere kubva munzanga mune kuti havatsvaki kugovera zvakakwana kwemari kuti zvive nemigumo inobereka asi, pane kudaro, ingorove kurega basa revamwe. Mukutaura, vanofanirwa kushanda zvakanaka chero nguva yakawanda sevanhu vakawanda vasingagoni kuigadzirisa. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana maitiro ano iye zvino achienderera mberi uye kuongororwa kunotora huwandu uye huwandu hwezvikamu zvehuwandu hwemafuta edzimba, zvinogona kuuya zuva apo mari inopinda muhomwe yemari inogona kusimbisa kukanganisa kukuru pakati pekukosha kwemafisi akachengetwa rondedzero uye nematengo emakambani emafemu iwayo. Icho chinongova basa remasvomhu.

Indekisi yemari yakatorawo chitendero chakasiyana-siyana chechitendero mune dzimwe nzvimbo, zvakasiyana zvakasiyana nedzidziso yepofu vakawanda vane ruzivo rwekushambadzira vakaona kubva pamisika yekare yemakethe. Vanhu ava havanzwisisi kuti mari yekuenzanisira inongova nzira yekushandisa zvishoma masimba ane simba anowanzoita kuti zvive nemigumisiro yakaisvonaka: kutsika kudhura, kushanda kwemitero, uye kudhura mari. Kune varairi vepfuma, munenge mamiriro ose emamiriro ezvinhu mushure mekutanga kutarisa nguva dzemuviri dzinosvika makumi emakumi emakumi emakore, iwe ungadai wakaguma uine humwe hupfumi pane imwe mushure mitezo iwe iwe, pane kudaro, wakatenga zvikamu zvepakati pehurukuro zvakananga mune nhoroondo yekuchengetedzwa kwenyika yako pachako, wakairemesa ivo pahutano hwakaenzana, uye akabhadhara mari yekuchengetedza zvakasimwa 0.50% kusvika 0.75% kuti ichitarisire iwe, kutarisira zvose zvese. Kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvezvikonzero izvi zvinosanganisira kukwanisa mutariri weasset kuti aite maitiro ekukohwa mitero kana iwe uchida kukwidza mari uye kutaurirana maitiro ezvisizvo kana mashizha-emabhizimisi emari ekutengesa kwako. Ndinenge ndaenda kunotaura kuti, kunze kwemamiriro ezvinhu akafanana neashoma, anonyatsove mbeveve kunyoresa kuburikidza nezvivako zvakakanganiswa zvakadai sekubatana kwemari uye kushandiswa kwemari kutengeserana kana iwe ukayambuka mari ye $ 500,000 sezvaungagona kuita nyore nyore chinangwa chimwechete pamwe nemigumisiro yepamusoro yekutora zvikamu zvinyorwa zviri pachena.

Saizvozvowo, mari yekuenzanisira ndeye sarudzo yakashata yevamwe vatengesi vane zvido zvakasiyana. Kana iwe uri chirikadzi ane, uchiti, $ 250,000 muzvinhu, iwe unogona kugovera chikwereti chako 50% mubhadharo yemasisita emasisita uye 50% mubhuruu chip stocks zvakanyanya kwazvo-kupfuura-muganhu wekugovera zvibereko. Iko kuwedzera mari yekusagadzikana kune zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa kwauri (kunyanya kana kukanganisa kwemakero ematengesi kunoitika) pane imwe yedzidzo yepamusoro yekuwedzera yakawanda iwe unogona kuwana kubva pakubata iyo yose-capital capital Index, kunyanya mumamiriro ehutariro hwako hwehupenyu hunofungidzirwa kana iwe wava pedyo kurega basa. Mune mamwe mazwi, ruzivo rwako rwakararama hungave hwakakosha kunyange dai rwakakonzera kuisa pasi pamusika. Mathemati pazvinhu zvose izvi zvakajeka asi ikozvino kune yose yakashambadzira yakawanda, inotsigirwa nemamiriyoni emadhora muzvinhu zviri pasi pekutungamira, inokurudzirwa nenzira chaiyo yekuisa pfungwa pazvinhu zvoupfumi kana dhesi yezvidzidzo, asi pane izvo zvinowedzera umambo hwe avo vanobatsirwa nekuderedza kuderedza uku.

Kunyanya kuomesa nyaya yacho ndeyekuti vanhu vakaita seni havadi kunyanya kutaura izvi izvi kakawanda (tarisa uwandu hwezvinyorwa zvandakanyora zvinonyanya kufadza kurondedzera mari kana zvichienzaniswa nevaya vanotaura zvinhu zvakadai) nokuti pane dambudziko rega rekuti vatengesi vangave vasina kukwanisa kubhadhara - izvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa nebhasi-ine-index index fund - nenzira yakati vanofunga kuti ivo chete kana vasipo. Iwe unotarisa kambani yakafanana neVanguard, iyo inonakidza zvikuru mune zvakawanda zvakakosha, uye ona kuti iyo inowanikwa yepamusoro yekubhadhara kambani yepamusoro (hafu yevanowiridzi vekambani vane zvishoma, hafu ine zvimwe) yaive $ 29,603 muna 2014, $ 31 396 muna 2013, uye $ 23,140 mu 2009. Kunyange zvazvo iyo inomiririra mari chaiye vadziri vangave vanofanira kuzvidada, maererano nehuwandu hwebhuku, iyo mbatata miduku. Vanhu vakadai havakwanisi kuwana bhizimusi rega rega kana kuti maneja wefa kuti vatarise ivo, regai kuvega vachivabatsira uye kana vakaedza kutenga zvigadziro zvavo pachavo, vangave vachiita zvisina kunaka. Vanguard iri kuvaitira nyasha dzakadaro, ivo vanofanira kunge vachitumira vatungamiri vakasimba yeKrisimasi makazadzwa nemwoyo wose. Kutotanga kutarisa dzimwe nzira dzakanakisisa, kunyange iwe uchiri kuda kufungisisa zvinyorwa, unogona kunge unoda kusvika 10x, 20x, kana 50x iyo iyo.

Muna 2015, pasisina simba kune mabhiriyoniire Charlie Munger akatanga kutinyevera nezvekukuvadza kunoitwa nhepfenyuro yekushungurudza mari, ichirondedzera mazano ake okutanga pamusoro pezvikwereti zvinokonzerwa nezvikwereti vasati vauya muna 2007-2009, izvo zvakanyanya kushorwa kusvikira zvaitika. Neyo misika huru inosvika pakadarika mari inosvika $ 1 kubva pamadhora ose e 5 ikozvino yakamira muhomwe yehurukuro, iwe une vashomanana vevanhu pamakomiti uye mumahofisi akabata simba pamusoro pehupenyu hwe makumi makumi emamiriyoni evanhu, vazhinji vavo vari kushanda boka kana kuti pakati pepfumi sevapfumi vanowanzorega kurongedza kuburikidza nezvivako zvakakanganiswa zvichienzaniswa kune mamwe mapoka nekuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero zvave zvatsanangurwa. Haisi kuzoguma zvakanaka. Zvakaipa zvevanhu. Zvakaipa kumabhizimisi. Ikoko kuchauya chikonzero apo hukuku huchauya kumba kuti huve.

Kunyange zvakadaro, ndichadzokorora zvandareva mazana emakambo apfuura: Kana iwe usina hupfumi kana upfumi, kunyora kunogona kunge uri bheji yako yakanakisa kana iwe uchida nyore, yakananga-mberi, kunyanya kushandiswa kwemari. Ingorega kunwa chirevo cheKool-Aid sezvakaitwa nevamwe vakawanda. Ngwarira njodzi dzezvauri kuita uye uzive kuti pane njodzi pasinei nezvose zvinokuudza kuti zvose zvichava zvakanaka. Iva neunyanzvi hweushingi kuti uone chokwadi, kunyange kana chisingafadzi.

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