Mari YeUnited States Inoshanda Sei?

by Kimberly Amadeo

Wati wambozvitaurira iwe pachako - "Kunyatsoita sei hupfumi hweUnited States?" Munguva yekuderera , unogona kufunga kuti "Kwete zvakanaka!" Dzidza zvinokonzera kukama kwepasi kuburikidza nokunzwisisa chigadzirwa chakakomba chemumba uye mitemo yekupa nekudzvara. Ziva kuti hurumende yehurumende inoshandisa sei mari nekutengeserana. Ziva kuti sei Federal Reserve inorwisana nehupfumi apo ichikurudzira kukura nematongerwo emari. Ona kuti mabhizimusi emari paWall Street anokonzera sei Main Street uye munharaunda yako.

01 GDP

Vashandi vanoshandisa mamiriyoni akawanda eGDP. Mufananidzo: Peathegee Inc

Zvose zvinowanikwa nehupfumi hweUnited States zvinoyera neGDP. Apo huwandu hweGDP hunochinja hunoipa, hupfumi hunopinda mukuderera.

Izvo zvakaitika munhoroondo yese yeUnited States . Apo hupfumi hunopindirana kwemakore, inonzi kuderedza . Dzidza musiyano pakati pekuderera uye kuora mwoyo .

Chikamu chakakosha chemupfumi kushandiswa kwevatengi. Zvimwe zvikamu zvitatu ndezvebhizimisi uye kushandiswa kwehurumende, uye net export.

Imari yeUnited States haisisiri yepasi rose . Izvi ndezvokuti nhamba yezvino yeGDP yeUnited States haisi kuwirirana neChina neEuropean Union. Pasinei neizvi, hupfumi hweUnited States hwakasimba zvikuru .

02 Kupa uye Kuda

Kugovera uye kuda ndezve simba rinotungamirira hupfumi hweUnited States. Kugovera kunosanganisira basa, rinomiririrwa nebasa, uye zvinhu zvepanyika, zvakadai samafuta , nyika, nemvura. Mafuta eOiri anotengesa makumi manomwe kubva muzana emari yemari .

Kuda, kana kushandiswa kwemunhu oga, kunotora inenge 70 muzana yehupfumi. Zvakawanda izvi zvinowanikwa panguva yekutengesa kwezororo, iyo inotanga musi weChishanu Chishanu .

Kuwedzera kwehurumende kwakawedzera kusashaya basa . Vanhu vazhinji vakaora mwoyo kuti vawane basa, uye vakabuda kunze kwebasa. Somugumisiro, chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu cheAmerica chiri murombo kana chiri pedyo . Ndicho chikonzero chimwe chekuti hupfumi hweUnited States hwakaderera. Asi kusaenzana kwemari kwakanga kusina kukonzerwa nehupfumi. Yakatanga kuipa kuburikidza nema2000.

03 Kutengesa uye Kutarisana

Kutengesa kwenyika kunoitika kana chido chiri chikuru kudarika, uye mitengo inokwira. Nokuda kwezvimwe, ona Maitiro Anokonzerwa Nezvokupererwa Kwemhuka Kwangu Upenyu Hwangu

Kupera kwezvinhu kwakanyanya kuoma kubvisa kunze. Kana ikangoitika, vanhu vanotanga kutarisira matengo akakwirira. Ndizvo zvavanotenga ikozvino matanhi asati apfuura akawanda mune ramangwana. Iko kunowedzera kunoda zvimwe. Chimwe chikonzero chekuwedzera kwezvibereko ndekuwedzera kwemari .

Hurumende yeUnited States inotarisa kutengesa kwenyika neInterumer Price Index . Asi dzimwe nguva inopa ruzivo runotsausa. Izvozvo ndezvokuti motengesi yemari inogadzira mafuta, gas, uye zvokudya zvekutengesa. Vanogona kudengenyeka uye kuderera mukati memwedzi. Saka, iyo Federal Reserve inoshandisa iyo yekutsvaga kwekutengesa kwepamusoro panzvimbo. Izvozvo zvinosanganisa simba uye zvokudya zvekudya. Tsvaga ikozvino kuwedzera kwemari

Kana kuwedzera kwezvinhu kuchiitika muzvinhu, zvakadai seimba kana mashizha, inonzi " assets" bubble .

Kusiyanisa kune zvakasiyana. Izvo zvinoitika apo mitengo inowira. Izvo zvinoitikawo kune zvinhu, zvakadai sedzimba dzekugara uye mahofisi ezvitoro. Izvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa kwematokari uye matambudziko emari.

04 Hurongwa hweHurumende

Mari yehurumende ndeye $ 4 trillion yemari yehurumende . Zvose mari inowanzobva pamitero pamari yako, naizvozvo zvakakosha kuti iwe uzive kuti inoshandiswa sei. Mitemo yehurumende inogona kukurudzira, kutungamirira kana kuora mwoyo pfuma, asi bhizinesi chete rinogona kusimbisa hupfumi.

Mutungamiri anotanga bhajiro gore negore, asi Congress chete ine simba rehurumende rekushandisa mari . Semuenzaniso, Mutungamiri Obama we Economic Economic Stimulus Package aiva pfungwa yake, asi Congress yakarigamuchira.

Kushandisa zviyero zvinopararira mari, kuumba kukanganisa kwemari . Gore roga rega rinowedzerwa kune chikwereti chenyika .

Chimwe chikamu chakakura kune chikwereti uye chikwereti ndeyekubhadhara mutero weBush . Vanotevera dzidziso yekupa-side economics . Inoti iyo mitero yakaderera ichapedzisira ichitsvaga hupfumi hwakaringana kuti hutsive kurasikirwa kwemitero. Izvozvo hazvina kuitika. Asi kuputsika kwemitero kunozivikanwa zvikuru nokuti vanhu vanovenga kuvabhadhara. Ndokusaka vazhinji vakagadzirira mutero wakadzika kana mutero wakakwana.

05 Monetary Policy

Mutemo wemari unotungamirirwa neFederal Reserve . Iyo yebhangi system inotungamirirwa neFed Chair, Janet Yellen. IWederal Reserve mabhuku inosanganisira iyo inodyidzwa mari, kutengesa mari uye kushandiswa kwekwereti. Zvishandiso izvi zvinodzora kuti kufarira kunotora sei hupfumi . Enzanisa ikozvino inodyidzana nemari yemari kusvika kune zvakaitika kare inowanikwa mari

Chinangwa chikuru chekutengesa mari ndeyekudzivirira kutengesa. Chinangwa chechipiri chinokurudzira hupfumi. Inopomerwa zvakare nekushanda kwakanaka kwebhengi. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, Federal Reserve chair rinowanzoti munhu ane simba zvikuru panyika.

Muna 2009, Ben Bernanke Akatumidzwa Nguva YeMunhu wegore . Izvi ndezvekuti akatora matanho ekutsvaga kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwebhengi kwe2007 uye 2008 matambudziko emari. Kunyange zvakadaro, vatsoropodzi vakawanda vanopikisa kuti United States inofanira kudzokera kuhutano hwegoridhe .

06 Trade Policy

Mutemo webhizimisi unobata mari yekutengeswa uye kutengeswa kwekutengeserana nekugadzira zvibvumirano zvebhizimisi nedzimwe nyika.

Zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana, kufanana NAFTA , inoda kuderedza mari yekutengesa uye kuwedzera GDP yenyika imwe neimwe. IWorld Trade Organisation yakaedza chibvumirano chepasi rose chekutengeserana muDoha kuzere hurukuro dzebhizimisi . Izvozvo hazvina kushanda, sezvo EU neUnited States vaisada kupedza huripo huripo.

Pane kudaro, United States yakatevera zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana . Izvi zvinosanganisira Trans-Pacific Partnership uye Transatlantic Trade uye Investment Partnership . Kana vakagamuchirwa, ndivo vaizova makuru ekubatana mune zvenyika.

Exchange rates inokanganisa bhizimusi nokuchinja kukosha kweDhora reU.S. Ndizvo nokuti dhora ndiyo nyika yepasi rose mari . Izvozvo zvinoreva zvibvumirano zvakawanda zvekutengeserana zvinoshandiswa mumadhora. Apo Dollar iine simba , inobvumira mutengo wemafuta nezvimwe zvinhu zvinowira. Izvozvo zvinogona kugadzira deflation.

07 Mari Makambani

Kufuridzira mumisika yezvemari kwakaita kuti hupfumi huve muhuwandu hwakanyanya kubva kubva kuDambudziko rekuDarika . Izvi zvakaitika sei? Yakatanga nezvitsvaga zvaifungidzirwa kuchengetedza zvisingabhadharwi pa-sub-prime mortgages. Kuda kwezvivako zvakange zvakasimba kwazvo, zvinenge zvakamanikidzika kuti vatsigiri veAIG vaite sarudzo. Izvo zvakakanda Wall Street mukutya kwakapararira munyika yose. Nokuda kwezvimwe, onai Sei Mazvigadziriswa Akasika Chikwereti Crisis?

Izvo zvivako zvivako zviyero uye kudyara kwemari . Ivo vane ngozi kune zvisungo . Izvo zvakachengetedzeka ndeyeZviguru zveMari . Izvo riskiest iss bunk bonds . Iwe unogona kuisa mari mukati memari pamwe chete .

Vazhinji vepfuma vanoita mari vanoisa ruzhowa mari vachiita mari yavo. Vamwe vanotsvaka kudzoka kwakakwirira kuburikidza nekutengeserana mune zvinhu zvinokuvadza uye munguva yemberi zvibvumirano uye chikwereti chinoshandiswa swaps . Ndicho chikonzero nei vakawanda vachironga mamwe mitemo paWall Street .